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	<title>Nicholas Papandreou</title>
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		<title>Dreams in Time of Greek Austerity</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=97</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=97#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 May 2010 07:16:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>koukios</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dreams of Nick Papandreou]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Κυβέλη]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kyveli]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Two mornings ago, I dreamt of my brother George on hundreds of tiny screens, being interviewed by Charlie Rose/Fareed Zakaria/BBC/CNN. The multiplex of brotherly heads required little dream analysis. In his effort to «save Greece» from going bankrupt, he has visited all major capitals (with enough trips to go around the globe three times), has [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Two mornings ago, I dreamt of my brother George on hundreds of tiny screens, being interviewed by Charlie Rose/Fareed Zakaria/BBC/CNN. The multiplex of brotherly heads required little dream analysis. In his effort to «save Greece» from going bankrupt, he has visited all major capitals (with enough trips to go around the globe three times), has blitzkrieged the world press, soft and hard-talked about financial reform and institutional transparency, helped set up a «mechanism» for countries in Euro-despair, and became one of the first socialist politicians to earn kudos from the conservative Financial Times. Google his name and you get nearly a million mentions. Even The One stepped up to the bat for Greece.</p>
<div id="attachment_98" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 222px"><img class="size-medium wp-image-98" title="kyveli" src="http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/kyveli-212x300.jpg" alt="The famous actress Kyveli" width="212" height="300" /><p class="wp-caption-text">The famous actress Kyveli</p></div>
<p>What was odd was not this symbol of a multiple George but the two figures next to him – or next to me, this was dreamspace after all. One was an aging woman, dressed in a large fedora and a flowing dress.</p>
<p>Fully awake, showering for the day, I realized who she was: Kyveli, my step-grandmother, a famous stage actress from the early last century. I tried to work through the math that brought George and Kyveli together in the same dream. Was she somehow a stand-in for Greek bankruptcy? Was it the reputation that women of the theater had, of tattered morals and freespending ways? Grand old Kyveli as a downfallen Greece? I kept that thought on hold.</p>
<p>While I slouched around the kitchen looking for the coffee tablet to insert in the Nespresso machine I recalled the other person.</p>
<p>Like nearly all European ministers he wore a dark business suit, a brilliant white shirt, and his tie left him with a minimum of breathing space. That would be Dimitris Droutsas, my brother’s Alternate Minister of Foreign Affairs who studied and taught law in the University of Vienna. What was Droutsas, with his fin-de-siecle face, doing in my dream?</p>
<p>Suddenly, it clicked. Vienna.</p>
<p>Kyveli’s teacher and mentor was a hunchbacked Greek jew named Constantine Christomanos who had once taught ancient Greek to Empress Sissy, wife of the very last reigning royal of that glorious world, Emperor Franz Joseph. Christomanos was kicked out of Austria for keeping written records of his intimate discussions with the highly intelligent and lonely Sissy. These he later published in the form of a diary.</p>
<p>The diary. This was what my dream was telling me. You want to discover what George and Kyveli and Droutsas and ultimately Sissy and Christomanos are doing in your morning brainware? Read that diary.</p>
<p>A few hours later I found what I didn’t know I was looking for.</p>
<p>And so it is, Sissy says, that each time I bury a dream, so quickly forgotten, I yearn for a new one.</p>
<p>In Greece we have just buried a dream, a dream born when the dictators collapsed in 1974. Everybody had good intentions and much progress was made but over the past four dacades something went wrong. From that year on some of us partied too hard, some of us ignored the broken, everybody talked a lot, too many of us preferred the easy, and everyone expected the janitor to show up and clean up after.</p>
<p>Who is that janitor? We just found out. We are.</p>
<p>Like Sissy, we now yearn desperately for a new dream. The elements of such are taking vague shape but it’s still a wee bit too early in the morning and the wrinkles in our ragged janitor’s face still show.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Mikis and Manos: A Tale of two composers</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=90</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=90#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 03 Jan 2010 09:02:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>koukios</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Books of Nick Papandreou]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Manos Chatzidakis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mikis Theodorakis]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[
 
In the fall of 1960 Columbia Recordings of Greece released Epitaphios (Epitaph), composed and conducted by Mikis Theodorakis, based on a poem written by Greece’s “communist” poet Yannis Ritsos. Mikis Theodorakis had not yet achieved the international acclaim that his scoring of the films “Zorba the Greek,” “Z,” “The Ballad of Mauthausen,” and Neruda’s “Canto [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"></p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></p>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In the fall of 1960 Columbia Recordings of Greece released <em>Epitaphios </em>(Epitaph), composed and conducted by Mikis Theodorakis, based on a poem written by Greece’s “communist” poet Yannis Ritsos. Mikis Theodorakis had not yet achieved the international acclaim that his scoring of the films “Zorba the Greek,” “Z,” “The Ballad of Mauthausen,” and Neruda’s “Canto General” would bring him a few years later, but this piece earned him instant fame within Greece, for it exploded onto the Greek cultural scene with tremendous force. Within weeks <em>Epitaphios </em>swept the country, broke sales records and stunned producers and musicians with its success. From the upscale quarter of Kolonaki to the proletarian neighborhood of Kokkinia, the streets resonated with the music-blaring from tinny radios in taxis, sung by university students, played in clubs, and danced to in taverns. Though the music was different from anything the country had heard until then, it was immediately recognizable as authentically Greek, for while it broke from tradition it was clearly an extension of it. As Mikis himself said, “With <em>Epitaphios</em> I succeeded in composing a music which the people had already heard, but only in their imagination.” The thirty-five year old composer’s startling piece redefined Greek music and culture, and did much to shape the temper and spirit of modern Greece.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet perhaps it is too much to expect anything to be born into the world pure, in a natural state, untainted by the bile of politics. The gods and goddesses always remind the Greeks of their mortality, especially when they create immortal works. Mikis Theodorakis’ very own <em>Epitaphios </em>had already hit the streets of Athens three weeks earlier, because Mikis had sent his scoring for<em>Epitaphios </em>to another composer, Manos Hadjidakis. When Mikis heard Manos’ version as it was being prepared in the studio of Fidelity, he decided he didn’t like what he heard and went on to record a new version with Columbia. The almost simultaneous release of two distinct recordings of the most radical and powerful music modern Greece had yet heard signaled the beginning of a rivalry between the two composers, a rivalry into which they were drawn unwillingly. This  rivalry grew more intense over the years and subsided only after the dictatorship fell, but traces of it have a subversive way of showing up even today, in 2007. This is because the music echoed two different visions of modern Greece – visions which continue to divide the country to this day.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The two visions of Greece can be bite-sized down to this: The first, a progressive though amorphous populism with socialist roots, representing a nationalist and sometimes strident “Greece-first” philosophy; the other, a deep respect and awe for the achievements of Western civilization, a desire to live inside a world without fanatics and fanaticism.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The two visions are as different as the composers themselves. Mikis is a tall imposing man, with a full head of hair and an impressive nose; Manos is short and over-weight, with sad puppy-dog eyes and jowly cheeks, and since the 1970s he no longer was afraid to hide his homosexuality. The image of himself that Theodorakis continues to promote is invariably that of the artiste engagee or the political leader. Pictures in his books show him being carried on the shoulders of supporters, over-whelmed by well-wishers at the airport, or surrounded by important foreign politicians. The classic shot (1974) shows him conducting an orchestra before thousands of people in a soccer stadium. His thick locks of black hair droop over his forehead, his eyes are closed in ecstatic concentration, his body is all energy and command, and with one arm stretched up dramatically, the other extended horizontally, he is the ever-virile maestro. Behind him, a sea of blurred faces-the masses themselves listening to “their” composer. In contrast, pictures of Manos show a man in the comfortable company of poets, playwrights, and friends, garbed in baggy pants, loafers and a khaki shirt which expands over his portly stomach, reclining in a chair in an Athens café.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Like the appearance, the substance behind it has both elements of truth and illusion. Mikis was a member of the National Liberation Front (EAM), the left-wing partisan group that fought the Germans in WWII. But Manos also began his youth with those exact same leftist roots, though he quickly abandoned them during the Civil War. During the German occupation, he became a member of EAM’s theater group, “Free Artists”, traveling to sections of “liberated Greece” where he accompanied on piano the theatrical performances. In Larissa his presence in this group cost him his front teeth, the result of a fight with a member of the fanatic right wing known simply as “X.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> “I admire him,” movie director Nikos Koundouros said years later, “this man who was as self-absorbed as any coquette, because he didn’t bother to fix his teeth for over thirty years simply because the idea of sitting at a dentist’s chair with his mouth open absolutely bored him.” This give a sense of  Manos as an aesthete with a “who cares” attitude about many of the details in his life.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Manos rejected the left’s involvement in the civil war and embraced upper-class Athens, trained in classical music, best able to appreciate his scores. For their part, the so-called Athenian bourgeoisie adopted this young, brash and talented composer with squeals of delight. After all, he carried with him the titillating residue of a liberation struggle, without the dreaded taint of communism.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">While Manos was making good with the Athenian society, Mikis on the run from the secret police, who were especially on the lookout for him because he had written the communist youth party’s anthem. The two men had met a few years earlier, as members of EAM. Manos had heard about a tall young composer writing classical symphonies &#8212; like the String Quartet (1946) and the Requiem for Strings (1946) –and Manos made an effort to meet him. When Mikis escaped to Athens, in 1947, just as the Civil War was in the middle of its trajectory, Mikis turned to Manos for refuge. Manos too him in. He would bring Mikis with him to parties, introducing him by another name, so that Mikis could get something to eat and put a few pounds on his nearly emaciated body. Because Manos lived in a small apartment with his mother and sister in Pangrati, he would slip Mikis into the Music Hall of Athens after the parties were over. Here Mikis would stretch his long frame along the velvet seats and sleep.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When the police finally caught up with Mikis, they sent him to the notorious concentration camps on the island of Makroniso, then on to a hilltop village in the far island of Ikaria. In the early 1950s the conservative regime released and exiled him once again, this time to the notorious island of Leros, a place to which the colonels would return him in 1967. Throughout the 1950s he wrote numerous articles concerning the need to create “art for the masses”, a dangerous agenda in a century littered with bad art serving “good” politics. His wholehearted entanglement with politics, however, led his music in a different direction. He wrote, perhaps rather mechanistically although in hindsight not at all,  that “Greece needed art which sprang from the popular struggle and from living-modern Greek poetry.” This sounds overblown except when you discover that he ended up doing just that.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">His emphasis on authenticity and his search for Greek roots – a search which was inspired by women singing when he was exiled to Ikaria, appealed to the anti-Western sentiment of the left. In fact his travels across Greece, either to fight the Germans, or to serve time in prisons and islands across the Aegean brought him in touch with Greek folklore and traditional music and did much to free him of his obsession with classical composition. </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Mikis has always seen himself as a leader and not a follower, as a member of the vanguard of the working class. Perhaps his own sense of his role in politics was influenced by his talent as a composer and especially his role as a maestro, from the pulpit of which has was to lead his large orchestra. His need to pursue a political struggle while composing music led to a series of odd political choices. His quest for leadership led him along a path of political compromise reminiscent of the ancient Alcibiades, “whose conduct displayed many great inconsistencies and variations”, but unfortunately for Theodorakis, with far less success than that of that ancient political magician. From being a vocal communist, in the last thirty odd years, Mikis served in some form in all the major political parties. Most recently and most surprisingly, between 1989 and 1991, he served as Minister without Portfolio in the conservative party, a party whose roots lie in the repressive regimes of the 1950s which incarcerated him. Much later he would say, “I didn’t change. The political parties changed.” </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In contrast, Manos was never arrested for his political sympathies. His leftist origins were completely forgotten, to such an extent that he became a close friend of conservative prime minister Constantine Caramanlis. Nikos Koundouros, a proclaimed leftist himself and a bit of a tease, found Manos’ stance refreshing. “I liked Manos because he adored Caramanlis when the rest of us hated him.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In 1960 Mikis was as yet unknown to the public at large, while Manos Hadjidakis was Greece’s most famous composer. He had just received an Oscar for the music to the movie “Never on Sunday”, starring Melina Mercouri. For all his allegedly pro-Western leanings, in the 1950s he was responsible for a return to Greek roots because he succeeded in single handedly reviving<em>rebetiko</em> music, Greece’s equivalent of the blues. Manos had also scored music for dozens of Greek movies and had co-founded the country’s only modern folk dance troupe, the “Elliniko Chorodrama” with Rallou Manou, for which he composed music for ballet (<em>Το καταραμένο φίδι, Έξι Λαϊκες Ζωγραφιές,</em> and<em> Ερημιά</em>).</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Their method of composition differs as greatly as their personalities. Mikis, in spite of his spontaneous and explosive character, always demanded separate musical scores for each instrument, as well as the conductor’s score. Even though Mikis possesses all the characteristics of the “undisciplined Greek,” in his ritual of scoring as well as conducting he resembles a “European.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Manos usually created only under pressure, leaving things until the last minute, without any musical scores or notes. A typical story is told by Jules Dassin, who had asked Manos to score the music for his “Never on Sunday,” which starred Dassin’s wife, Melina Mercouri. The weeks passed, the movie was near completion, but Manos had yet to provide the director even a single note. One day Dassin reminded Manos that he was still waiting for the soundtrack. Manos looked at him, asked him to remind him of the story, then sat down at a piano and banged out the whole score in about half an hour. From this short burst of inspiration was born one of Greece’s most famous melodies, “Ta paidia tou Peiraia”, which earned Manos the Oscar.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Manos, the westerner, in the manner in which he composed music and the almost lazy way he went about his business, is more reminiscent of the caricature of the slothful Mediterranean. Nikos Koundouros described being in the studio for a recording session with Manos and the great bouzouki player Vassilis Tsitsanis. There was Tsitsanis, he recalls, calm, without any expression on his face, like a priest preparing for some sacred rite, while across him sat Manos, hunched over a cigarette box, trying to carve a few notes into the box’s top, a bit of scoring which never had the opportunity to be spread across a musical sheet. Known for his tendency to procrastinate, Manos had the word “sorry” nearly etched into his lips.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Of course their differences go beyond the creative process of composition and recording. In sharp contrast to Mikis, Manos believed that “your own songs will emerge from your dreams and feelings and not from the local party office.”  He quoted George Brassens that, “life in the apartment, class struggle, are all very interesting. But they do not become songs.” Mikis however, saw things differently. “Now the simple people, the working struggling people need a complete artistic work through which they can express their personality, which is that of poet and fighter. The spiritual base of the popular songs is Poetry – Struggle – Music.”</span></p></blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">****</span></p>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Nowhere are the distinctions between the two composers more apparent than in the dawn of their rivalry. For <em>Epitaphios</em>, where Mikis’ composition demanded a strong male voice, Manos substituted the as yet unknown  semi-operatic female voice of Nana Mouskouri; where Mikis called for <em>bouzouki</em>, Manos brought in an orchestra; where Mikis required hard, driven sounds, Manos softened them, made them more lyrical and classical. Miki’s version relied heavily on the “reviled” stringed instrument, the <em>bouzouki,</em> and Ritsos’ words were sung by a throaty male singer, Bithikotsis, with backup by female vocalist Ketty Thimi. Ultimately Manos de-emphasized the words and brought the music up to center stage.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> One music critic, although writing for the communist newspaper AVGI, was sharply critical of the communist composer:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Hadjidakis abandoned the composer’s (i.e. Theodorakis’) indication that the music be played by <em>bouzouki</em> alone, and instead chose a discreet instrumental accompaniment. One smells the perfume, the lightness and even the depth of the popular song which does not betray the musical conception but sustains its ecstasy and poetic urge.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The official communist left rebelled against Mikis’ version because it felt that their saint of saints, Yannis Ritsos, had somehow been defiled by the presence of a bouzouki and the kind of music usually sung by hash users and riff-raff. The communist party itself prohibited exiled members from singing the Epitaph. Oddly enough, both the prison guards and the prisoners received the same orders: don’t sing Mikis!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">At first the presence of the two recordings did little to detract from their success, since they both continued to co-exist at the top of the charts. Soon their differences became the subject of newspaper articles analyzing the definition of “Greekness” and aesthetic sensibility in Greek music. Does Greece belong to the East or to the West? Does Manos’ lyricism respect Ritsos’ poetry more than Mikis’? Is Mikis’ version authentically Greek? What is authentic in a culture that has roots in Byzantium, Ottoman rule and Frankish invasions? Is the <em>bouzouki</em> a proper instrument for poetry? By December 1960, a few months after the release of both records, the situation had become so charged that a newspaper wrote about the “minor civil war that threatens to break out over the two versions, with struggle committees springing up all over the city.” A student union sponsored discussions between both composers after playing each version and then put the matter of which version was best to a vote. Mikis Theodorakis’ version won that vote. (I am not sure which would win if the same contest were held today, but I suspect that Mikis would once again come out on top. I tried it at a discussion of this essay. The result? Mikis.)</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The openly revolutionary message of the poetry and Theodorakis’ political activism began to divide the audience between those who supported Mikis and those who didn’t. Mikis’ version became a rallying point for progressive gatherings and anti-government demonstrations. Soon, at least in terms of sales, Mikis’ version was winning the battle. Of that period, Manos Hadjidakis, thirty years later, still apparently unreconciled about his lesser commercial success, recounts:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Theodorakis wanted to lie down on the Procrustean bed of the popular song and of course he succeeded because of Bithikotsis’ voice. The public, the leftists, preferred his <em>Epitaphios</em> while others, the bourgeoisie, preferred my version with Mouskouri. The former saw the music as an epic, the latter saw it emotionally. Both versions complete the work and poetry…The leftists would have preferred his music regardless.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">On the other hand, today Mikis recognizes that the presence of Manos’ <em>Epitaphios</em> allowed him to penetrate into sections of the population which would normally be shut off to him, “because if there had only been my version, no member of the upper class would have ever listened to me.” Strange as it seems, Theodorakis’ success is due in part to Hadjidakis, who legitimized the communist composer by working with him and putting out his record. Theodorakis had no idea that this piece would define him as <em>the</em> new composer and that it would garner such support. In fact when he played it first for the poets Nikos Gatsos and nobel-prize winner Odysseas Elytis, in the presence of Manos himself, the only one who liked it was Manos’ mother.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Theodorakis added oil to the fire by writing articles defending the Greekness of this music, in a similar vein to the ones he had written earlier. Whenever he had the chance he gave speeches about the need for art for the masses. He began a tour of the countryside to play his music, a countryside whose Civil War (1946-1949) wounds had still not healed. The government tried to contain his activities and in some cases that resulted in violence when the local police intervened to stop his performances. This served only to make his music more popular. Soon the question of aesthetics was overshadowed by politics. In contrast to Mikis &#8211; the vocal agitator for the forces of change and progress – Manos’ silence on political issues, for many, and in particular his detractors, was interpreted as evidence that he was on the side of the privileged and the elite of Greece.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Without the unavoidable standard set by Mikis, the artiste engagee par excellence, perhaps Manos would have escaped the label of being a representative of the establishment. Mikis perpetual political motion seemed to send the message across Greece that it was not enough for an artist to be devoted to his craft, he also had to take openly progressive political positions.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Thus it came that music became an expression of political sympathies, and progressives began to listen to Theodorakis to the exclusion of Hadjidakis, while conservatives did the opposite. Until very recently, one could infer the political sensibilities of most Greeks through their record collection and their expressions (grimaces, hands covering the face, passionate applause) when hearing music of either composer.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The distance between Manos and the progressives in Greece reached a maximum during the dictatorship (1967-1974). On the one hand Mikis’ music had been banned, thus anointing him by default as the official musician of the resistance. The Colonels, and Minister of the Interior Odysseas Angelis in particular, prohibited anybody from “listening” to Theodorakis music. A joke from that period goes like this: A policeman stands behind someone at a pedestrian crossing, and sings a Mikis tune. The policeman then proceeds to arrest the man in question, on the grounds that he was “listening” to Theodorakis.)</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">On the other hand, some clumsy mistakes on Manos’ part were immediately latched onto by his detractors as proof of his collaboration with the reviled junta. In New York to record music with the New York Rock and Roll Ensemble, Manos spoke badly about actress Melina Mercouri, at that point the personification of the defiant Greek spirit combating the evil military back home. She would appear on stage with Joan Baez at Madison Square Gardens,  or show up at an anti-war sit-in at Columbia University and emote passion against the dictators and the American government. Manos said something to the effect that his famous friend was trying to promote her career through political appearances and her resistance activities. Let’s not forget that Melina was working closely with Caramanlis’ main political opponent, Andreas Papandreou, and this might explain Manos’ impatience with the fiery phenomenon known as Melina. (Jacques Lang, the former Minister of Culture of France, at the funeral eulogy for Melina in 1994, who died while still serving as Greek Minister of Culture, she was a “femme phare, femme flamme, femme femme,” in lovely, alliterative French.) If things were not so politicized, little would have been made of Mano’s comments, and they would have been seen as a reflection of personal differences and stage rivalries.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The second and more serious misstep on Manos’ part was that he allowed himself to be photographed with one of the Colonels, Makarezos, and the latter made sure the picture circulated around the world, to lend the Greek military regime legitimacy. After all, Manos was known for his Never on Sunday and his Oscar. His friendship with Caramanlis, the taint of being a conservative, as well as the fact that those years were intensely politicized, resulted in him being ostracized by all progressives and assorted leftists. The final blow was that picture with Makarezos. By the early 1970s, his public image had reached an all time low.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">As it turned out, Manos had his own reasons for being photographed with the Colonel. He had been blackmailed into it because he owed so much in back taxes. Manos never cared about such things and was notoriously uninterested in money. Once he helped a poor friend by writing him a tune and then told the man he was free to sell it for whatever it would get. The junta gave Manos a stark choice: we get the picture or you get the jail.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Redemption came however from Mikis himself, in one of those twists of history that make you wonder if things aren’t sometimes pre-ordained for the purposes of creating tighter narratives. When the dictators fell in the summer of 1974, Mikis returned to Greece. Manos remained in New York. That fall Athens hosted the most legendary musical concert in modern Greek history. It was held in the Panathinaikos soccer stadium, and its ostensible purpose was to honor the return of Democracy. (The concert was filmed as a wonderful documentary by none other than director Nikos Koundouros, titled “Songs of Fire,” 1975.) Mikis, who did time in the infamous Bouboulina prisons before being exiled abroad by the dictators, was at the peak of his political influence. He had reached the point where he had always dreamed of reaching. He was the hero, returned from exile, the banned artist who’d suffered for his beliefs. More than at any other time in his life, at that concert, Mikis embodied everything he had imagined himself to be – musician, hero, politician, conductor, creator, sheer force on earth. At that concert he combined the role of musical conductor with that of political leader. He played Ritsos’ poems, with Ritsos standing right next to him, a poet who had also achieved rock-star status among the Greeks. Mikis mesmerized the crowd with the forceful delivery of his hitherto banned music. He sang in his peculiarly high and slightly offnote, distinctive Mikis-voice. He shook the baton. His large body careened back and forth on the makeshift stage. He sweated. He bowed, he smiled, he closed his eyes in ecstasy, he felt his music, he lived it. The crowd pounded its feet. The crowd roared its freedom. And the intensity, was oddly enough, not mere Greek hyperbole. Mikis the excitement, the joy, the sheer exuberance that permeated the people of this newly liberated country. The concert made its permanent mark the Greeks who attended, and its fame spread out its influence to those who heard about it, who listened to it, who saw the documentary – a little bit like the concert at Woodstock which did much to define the sixties generation in the States.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">At the apogee of his influence, whatever Mikis said on the stage had special resonance. At this shimmering moment in history, he could not have chosen a better moment than to redeem Manos, to come to his friend’s aid, to help the man who had saved him from the secret police back in 1947, who had taken him in when he was a fugitive on the run from the secret police. Time to forgive and move on. At some point in the evening, Mikis paused dramatically and said he wanted to make a wish. “I wish that my good friend Manos will return quickly to his country.” The response was overwhelming – prolonged applause. Mikis meant of course that Manos should return not only get on the direct flight out of New York on Olympic Airways, but that he should be allowed back into the hearts of the Greeks. With Mikis’ royal dictat of absolution, he re-legitimized Manos in the eyes of the progressives. The wagging tongues were silenced and the two composers now started their careers as members of the reborn Hellenic Republic with a clean slate.</span></p></blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">***</span></p>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">None of this answers the questions as to why the music was so resoundingly powerful. Why did it capture the imagination of the Greeks so forcefully? The music alone could not have been so passionately held, could not have spoken directly to the heart, if it had not relied on the power of Ritsos’ revolutionary call to arms. The poem deserves attention, for it goes far in explaining the instant success of <em>Epitaphios</em>. Yannis Ritsos, recipient of the Lenin prize, a friend of Aragon, Hikmet and Ehrenburg (and who is usually compared to Chile’s Pablo Neruda), had written his epic poem in 1936, inspired by a picture in a newspaper of a mother mourning her dead son, slain in a strike in the city of Thessaloniki. Like folk art, the poem is austere, simple, and accessible to all. In his early years, the ones during which he wrote this piece, Ritsos was going through a phase in which he wished to speak directly to his audience, an audience Ritsos presumed to belong to the working class and therefore to be revolutionary by nature. Later, of course, his poetry becomes less transparent, less didactic, more personal and ultimately more powerful.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The poem resonates with history and draws power from the Christian mythology of resurrection and the mother – son symbology. The poem relies on the traditional couplet for mourning and lament and so taps into the country’s natural linguistic rhythm for pain and suffering. Ritsos wrote his poem using the so-called “fifteen syllable” beat. This is the heart of most Greek rhyme, used by Greek poets as far back as six hundred years ago (Erotocritos) and by Vilaras and Solomos, the father of modern Greek language, over two hundred years ago. Such a beat emerges automatically from the Greek language. It has come down to the people through the ages and has been the natural medium for all kinds of poetry, heroic, epic, ballad, erotic or mournful. As Rick Newton put it in the prologue to his translation of Ritsos’ poem, “in echoing the Byzantine Epitaphios mourning, secular funeral songs, and the message of the Greek National Anthem, Ritsos not only touches the hearts of his reader but also raises their spirit.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Because of its length, its uneven quality and its overtly political message, the poem or excerpts from it are rarely included in poetry anthologies, yet in its strongest moments it transcends the banal and propagandistic. Ritsos was too good a poet even at his most didactic. In the poem we find the mother mourning her dead son. Yet the mother’s sense of desperation soon gives way to optimism when she decides to continue her son’s struggle, an optimism the Greek thirsted for after years of oppressive conservative rule. The first verse that Theodorakis chose to score begins: “A day in May you left me/a day in May I lose you,” and the poem ends on the steady note of continued struggle with the following couplet: “My son, I’m going to your brothers and sisters and adding my rage/I’ve taken your rifle. Sleep my sweet child.” This ending is strongly reminiscent of a Greek folk song, “Kitsos’ Mother,” about a young Greek revolutionary being led to his death through his village by the Turks. In that song, when the mother sees the son and the remaining prisoners march by in chains, she tells him to stop complaining, to hand over the belt of bullets slung across his chest and to tell her where he’s hidden his rifle.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">A large part of Greece of the 1960s was more prepared to listen to Theodorakis than to Hadjidakis. The poem expressed the demand for social reform, a natural enough demand after the bloody civil war in the 1940s and the ten hard years of McCarthy-type oppression, exile and political assassinations that followed. The rural populations had recently moved into the working-class neighborhoods of Athens and were becoming more politically aggressive, while the students in the universities were eager to vent their growing frustration with the conservative and anti-populist regime. But what lent extraordinary power to the poem was the music itself-the hard, haunting melodies of Mikis Theodorakis’ composition, the natural rhythm of the music, the hoarse voice of the immortal Bithikotsis and the driven notes of the bouzouki, played by the greatest bouzouki player of all time.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Theodorakis chose for his bouzouki player a man from an earlier era, Manolis Chiotis, whose ability on the instrument – a cross between a balalaika and a mandolin – is considered unsurpassed in this century. Chiotis was influenced by the disappearing group of musicians known as “rebetes,” rebel musicians of a previous era who had never been involved in politics or ever achieved the status of musical stars, for they lived in obscurity and poverty, and played for the nightworld of hash smokers and petty criminals. Chiotis actually belongs to the group of musicians known as the “archonto-rebetes,” who played a more upscale and “dignified” form of rebetiko. He was responsible for adding an extra string to the bouzouki, which from being three-stringed became four-stringed. This allowed him to exploit his dexterity, but it also made the bouzouki more accessible to a larger audience, because with four strings one could include European-type melodies and move beyond the twang of “Eastern” sounds.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Now, for the first time, a member with rebetiko roots was called upon to serve a powerful poem with revolutionary content. Theodorakis succeeded in linking the old and dying world of the rebetes to the new world of politics, and it seemed as if for once the apolitical rebetes had found a voice. The actual voice on the record is that of Bithikotsis, whom Theodorakis had met in exile. His voice is strong and masculine, recalling the fallen workers of 1936 and the long list of victims that followed, those that fell in the Civil War or were exiled to the islands. Theodorakis, ever politically aware, always on the side of the proletariat, wrote that the he chose Bithikotsis for his “common man’s” voice, “the voice you hear in the streets, the voice of the construction worker, the chauffeur, the man singing for the joy of singing.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">About his inspiration for that piece Mikis later wrote:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">……as soon as I read his (Ritsos’) poems, I began writing songs spontaneously, without effort. And the music appeared as you have heard it. Popular. Why; it sprang from the need to respect Ritsos’ poetry.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Theodorakis, for all his political pronouncements, still maintained enough of his artistic brio and independence to allow politics to inspire rather than command and consume him. Theodorakis was obliged to respect the built-in rhythms and resonances of Ritsos’ iambic pentameter. Theodorakis based a number of the songs on the traditional “zembekiko,” the tough guy’s lament, the music which is danced by a male, alone on the dance floor in slow, purposely clumsy movements. The zembekiko combines words, music, and movement to produce a marvelous unity. The rhythm of the zembekiko is nine-eighths (9/8). Theodorakis wrote:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The 9/8 rhythm which characterizes the zembekiko was born from the iambic pentameter (fifteen syllable) but when I wrote the music I was not aware of that. So how did I turn towards the zembekiko; When I began writing songs seven and eight (of eight) I scored the melodies to a unifying beat of 2/8, yet I knew something was missing. It is simple and let me explain it: Every melodic phrase, based on each of Ritsos’ couplets, took 4 meters of 2/8 each. In other words 2/8+2/8+2/8+2/8, yet the final beat on the last 2/8 was short, quick and without fullness. So I added a fifth meter of 2/8 to enlarge the ending. But now the ending seemed larger than it should have been. It was redundant. And suddenly I saw the solution, the truth lay somewhere between the 2 and 4, in other words, 3. The true rhythm had to be 2/8+2/8+2/8+3/8. This was the zembekiko! My melody, influenced by our popular music, carried organically within it the popular rhythm. This the truth!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Mikis Theodorakis was obliged to discover that what he initially thought to be a new beat, turned out to be the zembekiko rhythm played by the rebetes. This rhythm does not belong exclusively to the Greek rebetes, since it can be traced to traditional dances in Thrace, islands in the eastern Aegean and cities along the coast of Asia Minor. Much ink has been spilled over the search for the roots of the zembekiko, the male dance itself. Yorgos Papadakis, one of Greece’s top musicologists, tells us that although it is a dance with ancient roots, in its modern appearance it is used as a form of expression by men who have been tortured, men on the sidelines of life, the desperate and the disinherited. Another interpretation of this dance, where the male dances alone and hunched over, is provided by Thanos Veloudios, who in 1926 argued that the zembekiko is a form of prayer, a preparation for entering the daily battle of life.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The rebetiko voice is invariably hoarse, heavy, and decadent, dragging out the mournful syllables in extended notes. Like rebetiko music, a number of the eight songs of Epitaphios begin with improvised bouzouki leads, usually in minor notes, echoing melancholy and loss, but unlike the fatalistic determinism of the rebetiko, as the tracks progress, Theodorakis’ bouzouki grows hopeful and optimistic, replete with major chords sounding the cheer of the continued struggle, of triumph and persistence. From the outset, the sound of Theodorakis’ bouzouki is less Eastern and more driven, more certain, more haunting. The bouzouki solos complete the voice rather than against it, and serve as advance warning for the vocals.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The eight songs draw from the music which Mikis had been studying in Paris in the late 1950s: the mourning songs of Mani, the Zakynthean ballad, the Cretan dirge, the Aegean island music, Byzantine church psalms, thus plumbing the Greek “collective unconscious.” These forms coalesced and merged into a radically new form which both respected Greek tradition and transcended it.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet, without Manos, Mikis may not have been able to even imagine his composition, for, in the words of Melina Mercouri, “It was Manos that made us listen to the bouzouki.”  It was Manos who in the 1950s was responsible for focusing attention on traditional Greek music. He single-handedly revived the dying rebetiko, the same rebetiko which Mikis would listen to in his late twenties and early thirties.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">By the late 1940s the establishment had succeeded in ostracizing the rebetiko and its musicians, the rebetes, from “good” Greek society. The subject matter of rebetiko songs was slightly subversive, for it spoke of poverty and the crushing weight of an unfair society. The music did not have the overtly political character that Theodorakis would bring to it in the 1960s. Precisely because the bouzouki was played by shadowy night – people before an equally illicit clientele, the instrument itself became associated with illegal activity. The rebetiko music forged a dividing line between the Greece of last names and easy bank credit on the one side, and the anonymous and the oppressed on the other. A man carrying a bouzouki in the late 1940s stood a strong chance of being stopped by the police and questioned about his habits.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">As a historical curiosity, in 1934 Kemal Attaturk, in his effort to Europeanize Turkey, banned the eastern-sounding songs known as αμανέδες. Apparently a number of Greek intellectuals were of similar temperament and convinced Metaxa, Greece’s dictator, to do something similar. A censorship committee was established, and this committee examined the music of the rebetes, in order to reduce the “eastern” influence in their songs. This meant doing away with certain minor notes and halfnotes which brought to mind eastern roots. But the committee was ill-prepared for the task, since the members were all classically trained musicologists. They were obliged to hire an authentic rebete, since none of them had ever set foot in one of those “dens of sin” where the music was played. The hired a young nineteen year old bouzouki player they had heard was quite good, to help them with their strange musical surgery: Vassilis Tsitsanis, who later became Greece’s most famous representative of that music.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The Greek working class had already taken the bouzouki into its heart, ignoring the ministrations and admonitions of the right, whose ruling class set the example by avoiding such places, and the communist party of Greece, which had forbidden its members to listen and dance to rebetiko music, in jail or outside it. One has only to read the powerful first-person narrative of Chronis Missios, in his book “You’re lucky, you died early,” to get a feel for the nearly evangelical sense of mission that permeated party members. A communist member was supposed to uphold the rigorous moral life of a Christian proselytizer, abjuring swearing, singing and above all refrain from singing or dancing to rebetiko music. This cultural fascism glibly destroyed one of the few remaining pleasures of their stalwart and imprisoned members.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">On the thirty-first of January, in 1949, at the height of some of the most bloody battles of the Civil War, Manos Hadjidakis gave a lecture on Greek music in Athens. The lecture was attended by all of “high” Greek society, for Hadjidakis had already made a name for himself through his rendition of Garcia Lorca’s “Blood Wedding” (1947), and from music for movies and plays written by Tennessee Williams and Bernard Shaw. Yet, something of an upstart himself, Manos had invited two of the most important rebetiko players to his lecture, Vamvakaris and Tsitsanis. “The two wild men sitting up at the front,” Manos said to the aristocracy of Athens at one point by way of introduction,” are the Bach and Beethoven of Greek folk music.” The establishment was both excited and scandalized when it realized it was in the presence of such notoriously underworld musicians. “The rebetiko,” he continued, “succeeds, with admirable unity, in combining words, music and movement… the rebetiko song is authentically Greek, uniquely Greek.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In one stroke Manos became the rebetiko’s midwife and forced the establishment to adopt this bastard child. Besides legitimizing the musical outcasts, Manos further contributed to the revival of the rebetiko by producing new and excellent rebetiko music himself. The imported music of the 1950s, the mambos, bossa-novas, and Italian melodies were soon pushed aside. Greeks were finally listening and appreciating their own music, even if they were still not producing “new” music.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet by the mid-1950s, as the country grew more prosperous, the bouzouki and the rebetiko music moved upscale, out of the hash-dens of the working class districts and into clubs like the Copacabana at Constitution Square, which tourists would pack into after a tour of the Acropolis, a bite of souvlaki in the old town of Plaka and a sip of retsina at a tavern. Plate smashing, glass throwing, and acrobatic dancing became part of the package. Soon the electric bouzouki made its appearance and sounds became louder and more commercial. The rebetiko, which many believe began as the authentic voice of a wounded Greece struggling to shake the Ottoman yoke, and which in the 1940s represented the artistic expression for those living on the edge of respectability, was now called upon to entertain the nouveau riche and the tourist, while the same aristocracy that had once scorned it now applauded and danced to its every note. By the late 1950s, the rebetiko craze reached its peak. Every aspiring composer tried his or her hand at the rebetiko form; every two-bit singer crooned its tunes, and every tourist went to sleep with the electric bouzouki buzzing in his ouzo-filled head. Finally, fast money succeeded in twisting it out of shape. Perhaps this is why Manos, ten years later, was already denying any interest in rebetiko. “Once the rebetiko became insufferably legitimate,” he said in an interview, “I denounced my relationship to it with disgust.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet this statement is not completely accurate because Manos does revisit the rebetiko. In 1970 he will try to bring out the element of religious awe that the rebetiko provoked in  him, in particular with his album “Rituals”, where he plays the piano and is accompanied by the unforgettable voice of Flery Dandonaki. In 1973 he will compose an adaptation of rebetiko songs, replacing the bouzouki with a mandolin, with vocals by Voula Savvidi, in the now famous album titled “Ta Perix.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In actuality the death of the rebetiko at the end of the 1950s and its transformation into a caricature of itself represented the passing of an era in Greece. The conditions of poverty and escape which the rebetiko addressed had disappeared as Greeks grew wealthier. But for Mikis the important thing was not that rebetiko was dead but that its death brought no renewal; no composer seemed capable of picking up the baton where Manos had dropped it. A few months before the release of Mano’s version of his music, he wrote that Greek music had reached its “zero hour” and was ready for something different, something new. This something new turned out to be Epitaphios, a piece which resolved the cultural impasse and told the Greek that he could be Greek and more beyond tradition and create something new. Gerrard Pierrat, a French student of modern Greek culture, wrote that “with this music hope reappeared from an unexpected corner, for its existence proclaimed the good news that once again everything was possible.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">It was not as if Mikis alone had recognized the cultural impasse of the 1950s. For Manos the idolization of Greece’s classical past and the unqualified acceptance of modern Greek tradition were dangerous illusions that allowed bad art to be placed next to good. This was the art which encouraged dressing the Greek in 1800s evzone garb complete with pom-poms, or in European sailor dress, the art which had everybody imitating Lord Byron or Kolokotronis and parading them around Constitution Square to be photographed by the tourists. Manos was tired of the attitude that one’s father’s habits or one’s “Greek” peculiarities were something to be preserved and made sacred. He was tired of the “kitchness” of modern Greek culture, a situation which he unwittingly reinforced with the revival of the rebetiko. Manos was interested in his own “Greekness” only to the extent that it expressed something inimitable and natural in his person; he didn’t want to search it out, plumb its depths and lift it up for all to behold.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">This dilemma is not unknown to the modern Greek. Ritsos himself addressed the Greek’s quest to escape the pitfalls of blind allegiance to tradition and incurable romanticizing of the past. “In the Ruins of an Ancient Temple,” he writes (translated by Edmund Keeley):</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The museum guard was smoking in front of the sheepfold. The sheep were grazing among the marble ruins.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">… A woman</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">spread her washed clothing on the shrubs and the statues – she spread her husband’s underpants on Hera’s shoulders. </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Perhaps this is the proper attitude of the Greek towards his heredity. It is this desire to transcend the past, to avoid a continual “search for roots,” that Manos responds to in his music. Ritsos poem expresses our tendency to live along with the past, without turning  the ancient marbles into something of a fetish. We need to be as comfortable around the Acropolis as we are with our underwear, Ritsos is saying.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">This tension between a transcendent and continually renewable culture, and the manner through which artists will regenerate their culture is what unites and distinguishes Mikis and Manos. They are both aware of the pitfalls of relying on the past; Because of their special talents they did not allow themselves to be trapped in the past. In the nineteenth century musicians made a conscious effort to revive folk-songs and give them a modern spin, but nobody had the inspiration, talent and genius of Mikis or Manos so that effort resulted in folksy music for tourists.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Their interpretation of the past and their vision of the future is different. Their philosophies can be summed up by Pablo Neruda in a poem entitled “Explico Algunas Cosas,” in which Neruda, moving as he grew older in the opposite direction to Ritsos, explains once and for all why he abandoned the personal “I-based” poetry to the more political and revolutionary:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">You will ask: And where are the lilacs;</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">And the metaphysics petalled with poppies;</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">…..come see the blood in the streets come see</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">the blood in the streets</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">come see the blood</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">in the streets. </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I have heard it said that Manos is for the lilacs and poppies while Mikis is for the streets. Though these two tendencies are not mutually incompatible and can reside simultaneously in the spirit of each composer, they represent a different philosophical outlook on life. Ever sympathetic to the masses, Mikis tried to create a music along which the people could forge a national consensus, and he was very conscious of his success in doing so. If Manos had a mission, it was to avoid any sense of mission; it was to avoid searching for an authentic Greek music; it was to escape the self-referential images of Greece. Manos de-emphasizes the message of a song. In an interview, he said: </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When words come in contact with what we call music,</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">they faint, lie down and surrender, they lose their natural</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">energy, their movement and life. And then the adventure</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">of the melody begins. The words come alive again, dusted off,</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">naked, fresh, and transformed when hung upon the five lines</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">of the scoresheet.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Not only is Manos’ music more melodic and lyrical, but his conceptual approach to the role of poetry in music is radically different than Mikis’. For Mikis it appears that the music serves the words and enlarges the message, like a large neon sign blazing above the Acropolis. For Manos the words serve the melody. At the dawn of his career he wrote music for the poetry of M. Sachtouris. One of these tells of a sailor walking on the moon and his girl singing to reach him but the song never gets to the moon. Another is about a boatman who goes from harbor to harbor but never wants to throw an anchor at any of them. “The melodization of these was natural,” Hadjidakis says, “they touched me.” Manos sees music in the words while Mikis sees words in the music. Manos revived Greek music; Mikis renewed and extended it.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The successes of these two composers has much to do with the homogeneity of Greek culture. The composers were able to write from “inside” Greek culture, because as Greeks they both understood traditional Greek music, the church hymn and the demotic songs, but they were also able to stand above their culture and consciously create music from the “outside,” as classically-trained composers. Blues music, often compared to rebetiko, was born at the turn of the century from a culture of a race burdened with four-hundred years of slavery and racism; this music can only be written from the inside-can a white really create soul or sing the blues? Yet in Greece, Mikis and Manos could consciously analyze rebetiko music, then imitate and extend it. This is what allowed someone with the musical sophistication of Manos Hadjidakis to copy someone like Tsitsanis, a man who created music but could neither read nor write a note of music himself, and this is what allowed Mikis to assert boldly at the dawn of his career that he intended to create music for the people and then sit down at his desk in Paris one night in the year of our lord 1958 and do just that.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Though Mikis receives full credit for the renewal of Greek music, Manos was the first to understand its potency, though he himself could not harness it. Manos infused the rebetiko with reserve and melancholy and in his hands the rebetiko becomes music for dancing and wine-filled evenings. As Melina Mercouri once said, “When I listen to the music of Mikis I am thrilled, when I listen to the music of Manos, I am seduced.” Mikis’ music can be listened to only on special occasions for it brings back memories, it demands attention, it is too powerful and emotionally loaded. The radio cannot lightly play “A Day in May I Lose You” without a reason, without attaching a program to his music, nor can it play the driven music of “Z” without recalling the assassinated leader Gregorios Lambrakis, or play the haunting “Ballad of Mauthausen” sung by Maria Farandouri without recalling concentration camps.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">As for his “Zorba the Greek,” a soundtrack which practically defines the Greek soul for the rest of the world, it has become so laden with images of Anthony Quinn, of tourists drinking ouzo and taverna owners dancing that it is scorned by the youth as well as the working classes and so receives far less play than it deserves. “Canto General” (based on Pablo Neruda’s poem) is hard to listen to at all. In the Greece of today, a Greece which is increasingly tired of politics, even beautiful music is avoided if its stirs up too many emotions and memories. Manos’ music stirs up no such memories. His two-album collection of the best of his old songs, called characteristically “Manos Hadjidakis in the Roman Forum, 1947-1985” is still selling well, as is his “Ballad of the Senses,” which is of the same high quality as his early work. Manos’ gentle melodies are played everywhere and seem to soothe the embittered and politically torn country like a balm.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Both composers continue to be heard around the world. Mikis conducted his Romiosini to the thousands attending the opening night of the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona and the opening ceremonies of the Athens Olympics of 2004, supervised by Dimitris Papaioannou, played the music of both composers. Mikis was also the choice of composer by the Afghan rebels (Northern League), who would play his revolutionary music before “charging” against the Taliban. </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Besides promoting new musicians, up until his death in 1994, Manos continued to compose wonderful music. Throughout his life, he appears to have remained faithful to his principles. These, though never clearly defined, could loosely be characterized as a blend of anarchism and conservatism. Perhaps this life-long consistency in his values explains why his work continues to reflect both creativity and originality.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Mikis, today in his mid 80s, continues to live with politics in his soul, as any visitor lucky enough to meet with him in the Year of our Lord 2007 will quickly testify to. But perhaps because he finds little of interest in today’s unheroic political stage, he has returned, musically speaking, to the classical efforts of his youth. In the 1980s and especially in the 1990s he revisited his symphonies, free from the need to lead the masses through his revolutionary melodies. These symphonies however, don’t fit with the image he has created for himself, and perhaps that is why one hears whispers that his best work is way behind him. His peak came in the 1960s and in the first part of the 1970s. He admits to this, partially at least, when he says that it is the political situation in Greece that is at fault for what he now composes. Where can you find Greekness (romiosini!) in the modern villas mushrooming up in the suburbs of Athens? In the corruption of politics? Current issues no longer inspire him, do not allow him the chance to dress up for battle, so to speak. The old passion that ignited his music is lying somewhere in an abandoned trash can.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">About Mikis, the Greek says, “We love his music; we don’t care about his politics.” And perhaps that is the way it should be. Today he is universally accepted. His early music is still being recorded, by different musicians each time. The most famous of Greece’s singers seem eager to take a stab at singing Theodorakis, something inconceivable forty years ago. The plethora of new recordings however, no matter how interesting some of them sound, do not compare to the originals. This however does not seem to bother Mikis himself, who doesn’t seem to feel that the newer versions are in any way weaker than the first ones.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In his final years, Manos spoke of Mikis with both ironic detachment and a certain guarded jealousy. In one of his last interviews, he said:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Don’t you know Theodorakis? He wanted the people. When “the people” supporting him to go from fifty thousand to forty-nine thousand, he gathers up his things and flees to Paris, where he grows desperate and lonely; whereas I remain satisfied with my three thousand. And my three thousand will never become two thousand and nine hundred; three thousand one hundred yes.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Of course, Manos is being sarcastic when he restricts his audience to three thousand. What Greek hasn’t heard and been moved by his Ballad of the Senses, his Fifteen Vespers, and who among them does not recognize Never on Sunday?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The story of the Epitaphios has a small coda. It seems that all the guilty parties had to revisit their works at later stages in their life. They weren’t satisfied with their first taste of the poem, and that includes Ritsos himself.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> Ritsos rewrote Epitaphios in 1948, twelve years after the original, as if he needed to mourn the dead son in a more personal and less political form, as if his original had not done justice to the situation. In 1953 he wrote against conscripted art in his “Goodbye, Vladimir Mayakovsky” where he said “you strangled in your own throat your most personal voice.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Prolific as usual and unsatisfied with either Mikis’ and Manos’ versions, Mikis has already recorded a third version, sung by Mary Linda, although copies do not appear to be widely available. With Mikis’ permission, in 2004 the Greek composer Stavros Xarhakos adapted Epitaphios for himself and it was first played in front of the Prime Ministers of Europe, at the temple of Poseidon, at Sounion. Xarhakos chose as his singer Maria Soultatou, whose voice combines both the power of an opera singer with the depth of a soul singer.  Gregarious, plethoric, and ravenous in his desire to produce music, Mikis once wrote that if he really had occupied himself “effectively” with Epitaphios, he could have written “dozens of versions, hunting for the ideal which would not betray the popular song but which would give it each time a new and original flavor.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When Manos received Mikis’ composition, he too had been working on putting to music a poem entitled Epitaphios, written by another Greek poet, Varvitsiotis. In his own words:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I had barely finished comprising my Epitaphios when I received Mikis’ score. If I had produced it right after Theodorakis no one would believe it was a coincidence. Even though my music had nothing to do with Mikis’ nor was my poetry Ritsos’ poetry, all would think I wanted to copy the reputation of Theodorakis’ Epitaphios and so I put it off indefinitely. </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Both Mikis and Manos cast a long shadow. Every Greek has already felt the strength of their music. They know it cannot be replaced by disco, lambada or slam-dancing. They know that the music of these two composers, like all Greek music, lives on and interprets the Greek’s deeper self. This time, the new generation of composers, besides the nine-eighth notes, the church hymnals, the Byzantine sounds, island music and secular funeral dirges, have a deeper well of genius from which to draw.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">As for the Epitaphios, it now has a life of its own, separate from either Mikis or Manos. It represents the unrealized dreams and desires of the 1960s. Whenever I hear those opening notes of the bouzouki, whenever I hear Bithikotsis parched voice, I am reminded of just how much suffering this country endured in order to claim its democracy.</span></p></blockquote>
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		<title>Growing Up Bilingual</title>
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				<category><![CDATA[Essays]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[ 

 Essay for collection entitled


THE GENIUS OF LANGUAGE


Pantheon Books 


Version of March, 2003




Growing up bi-lingual meant growing up with two cultures, two opposing identities. The Greek language was, in the first case, the language of politics, meaning the speeches of my father and grandfather. “Greece to the Greeks,” my father cried out in the [...]]]></description>
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<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">THE GENIUS OF LANGUAGE</span></p>
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<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Pantheon Books </span></p>
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<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Version of March, 2003<br />
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<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Growing up bi-lingual meant growing up with two cultures, two opposing identities. The Greek language was, in the first case, the language of politics, meaning the speeches of my father and grandfather. “Greece to the Greeks,” my father cried out in the mid-nineteen-sixties while, in my grandfather’s more <em>apophthegmatic</em> or, in today’s parlance, sound-bite Greek, “The King reigns but the people rule.” </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Greek then was their language and they had a famously firm hold on it. Theirs was the language of the humble men who gathered inside our kitchen during campaigns, of modern Athenians with razor-thin ties and dark suits, of women in black with absurdly thick fingers, much thicker and stronger than my mother’s or my half-Polish grandmother’s. These women believed it was their god-given birthright to stretch what little of my flesh they could grab hold of.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet it was my mother’s language – Margaret Esther Chant from Elmhurst, Chicago – that ultimately won my heart. When we moved to Greece from Berkeley in the early sixties so my father could enter politics, English automatically became my refuge, a way to protect my embryonic identity. In Richard the Second, Thomas Mowbray reacts to his banishment from England: “Within my mouth you have enjailed my tongue”, he says, which is “so deep a maim.” Of course my tongue was not fully imprisoned, since along with an ample supply of books, English was the in-house language.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">To this identity I clung tenaciously, chiefly through books. From the British books available in Greece I learned to say “bloody ‘ell” and “Blimey!” (which I was sure derived from a British rendition of Blame Me!) and dreamt about scones and cream and tea at five. American comic-books provided me with the proper expressions when beating up my younger brother Andy. My less than Homeric blows to his small chest were accompanied by rapturous cries of “zap!”, “pow!” and, for the execution, “kablooey!” I was always delighted to discover new words – especially slang. When an American teenager asked me where the toilet was so he could “take a leak,” I was bowled over. I imagined our bodies to be like badly built ships from which water leaked out. When an American family moved in next door – I learned later the father helped put mine in jail – I learned that “man” could be thrown into a sentence just about anywhere, and that “cool” meant, well cool, man.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet Greek was all around. The language brought with it all the attendant cultural sidebars – priests grilled alive by Turks, women who jumped off cliffs rather than be taken by the enemy, and the Bridge of Arta, which reminded me of the story of Sisyphus: the bridge would be fixed in the day but would collapse at night, and so a virgin was built into the bridge and this successfully reversed the trend. There was also the story of the World War Two collaborator who chopped and then sold partisans’ heads to the Germans like cabbage. When the war was over the man was caught, sliced lightly all over his skin with razor blades, then buried in a sand dune in Thessaly.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I couldn’t wait to tell my friends “back home” about the lamb we had for a pet, about the sheer steepness of the Isthmus of Corinth, about the shark I saw hanging by a hook on the island of Hydra, about the taste of souvlaki with pita and the caterpillars that hung in white sacks from the branches of pine trees. It took me a few years to realize we weren’t going back to Berkeley and that there really weren’t any friends “on the other side.” That realization however did little to lessen my need to tell someone about everything that was different in Greece. It took me years to realize that the perspective of those non-existent friends living in the States was in fact my own.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">But I was most impressed by the enormous crowds that came to listen to my father and my grandfather and through which I learned and imitated a rhetorical speech-making Greek. “Greece of Christian Greeks catholically protestant,” my grandfather hurled at the dictators under house arrest. Even then, at the age of eleven, I marveled at how he squeezed three religions into one, active phrase. Other sayings of his joined the pantheon of national tradition: <em>Many a people has deposed a king; never has a king deposed the people</em>, or <em>All freedoms are allowed save one: the freedom to banish freedom</em>. The rhetorical expertise of both men added pressure on me to speak Greek better than the average, a pressure so daunting that, I now realize, I soon abandoned the effort and threw myself squarely into the camp of the possible.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I remember selecting from my parent’s library the thickest book I could find, presumably because the thickest book would provide me the greatest protection, which is how I ended up reading, at the age of nine, the sorry life of an architect written by someone with an unpronounceable first name, (Ayn Rand’s <em>Fountainhead</em>), but quickly strayed into the adventures of Biggles and the Blyton’s Secret Five, the Hardy Boys and every single Drew Sisters book I could secure from sister, Gayle-Sophia. I refused to call her Sophia and persisted in her nicely American Gayle, after the actress Gayle Storm that my parents had apparently taken a liking to in the fifties she was born. The rest of us had solidly Greek names, Nick, Andy, George.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">It was my godfather, also a George, who got me thinking more about language. Why is a spoon called a spoon, he asked. That’s silly, I recall answering, because it’s a spoon! And that’s a fork, so it’s called a fork! I hadn’t yet realized that he was a fan of Magritte’s. I liked my godfather because he looked precisely the way a godfather should look: three-piece suits, a smart tie, a hat, a cane, a well-trimmed mustache, with an distinct air of aristocracy. Do you know what your name means? he asked me when we sat in the dining room in our home in Paleo Psychiko.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“My name means… well it means Nick!”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">&#8220;But in it’s full version, he offered, what does it really mean?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“You mean Nicholas?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Two words in there. Can you see them?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“No.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Nike and Laos, victor of the people.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Cow!” (I didn’t know the whole expression yet). So Greek words really did have secrets!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I was off. I easily pried apart brother George’s first name: Geo for earth and “Orgy” for the verb plough – though I had to look orgy up. George was no more nor less than a farmer. Little Andy with his blonde hair and the black tuft sprouting out from the crown who actually spoke only Greek had a name that meant simply Man, like Oriana Fallaci’s book <em>Un Uomo</em>, about her Greek lover. Sophia however didn’t have a synthetic name and hers meant simply “wisdom.” Names like hers were less fun because there was no puzzle, no secret.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The baker’s wife – Euphony – was fair game. When my sister once came home with a loaf of bread I shouted: “You phony! I bet you didn’t buy it from Mrs.Good-Sound!”  Alexander meant literally Man-Repellent. Thinking I was ahead of the game, I challenged my mother (who was having a harder time with Greek than I was) by demanding she tell me a word I didn’t know, in any language, that. She threw out an easy one at first  &#8212; “sludge” I think it was, which I preceded to answer, then came a far more difficult one which I still remember to this day, amazed she knew such a long word. It was the word “eleemosynary.” I admitted defeat. Look it up, she advised. I discovered, to my delight, it had a Greek root – <em>eleimosini</em>, meaning the quality of being charitable or charitableness.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I began to look for English words which were in fact Greek – except that you would never think they were. I made a list of such words: For example the word <em>Cemetery, </em>(<em>kimitirio</em>) simply meant a sleeping place. The word <em>Police</em>, familiar the world over, derived from the word <em>polis. </em>The word <em>zone</em> or “area” was the Greek word for what we wore around our waist – a belt. My all-time favorite is a word you’d never think was Greek: <em>disaster</em>, meaning a bad alignment of the stars.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I started to drive the family nuts by finding words that either sounded awful or made a lot of noise when you said them loudly, since I had now become the most word-infected family member:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Dad stop making all that <em>cacophony</em>!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Mom, that souvlaki’s really gonna hurt my <em>esophagus</em>!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I can’t concentrate with all the <em>sussurus </em>from your newspaper!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Dad sometimes you are a <em>pompous</em> pop!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">For a brash statement like that I could get popped myself, since my father, especially on his return from America was growing less and less beholden to American child psychologists and had reverted more and more to the traditional forms of control &#8212; Ottoman law – as we called it, applied sporadically but effectively with the help of a <em>zoni </em>(belt) to our behinds.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Once I had worked on first names (<em>Cleanthes </em>– bouquet, <em>Calliope </em>– Beautful-faced) there appeared a whole new treasure where I least expected it: Greek surnames. With my sister, we would translate surnames to see how dumb they sounded in English: Mister Kalovelonis was Mister Goodneedle, while Mister Kalambokis was his Royal Highness Mister Corn. Our all-time favorites were the derogatory surnames like Mrs Low-Butt and Mrs Fat-butt, the famous Buttley sisters, like my mother’s high-school heroines, the Andrew Sisters. (Or is that Andrews with an ess?)</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The last name of one of my father’s deputies made no sense but was certainly fun to say, if you could spit it out without stuttering: <em>Papapanayotou</em>. Three pa’s in a row: try them apples on for size. Our surname, with it’s double papa (our great grandfather was a priest hence the Papa) was nothing compared to Mister Papapanayotou. My gleeful rendition of his name each day caused it to be repeated by nearly all the household for no real reason. “Oh dear Mister Papapanayotou,” my mother would exclaim for no reason.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> When he showed up one night, my father made a big thing of introducing him to me, then did me the awesome favor of actually adding yet another “pah” to the train. For days I savored the delightful extra – Papa -pa!-panayotou. I don’t think the owner of the surname thought twice about this delicious distortion, but I treasured it for weeks and kept seeing my father’s slight grin as he machine-gunned the whole thing into the hallway – specifically for my pleasure. In a way I was being acknowledged as the family’s linguist.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">During the dictatorship (1967-1974), with father in jail, we called on our American side of the family to visit us. One such member was a medal-studded Lieutenant-Colonel who had just returned from service in Vietnam. Walking around Athens with all six-foot five of him, in full military decoration, ignoring curfew, we were able finally to stand outside Averoff prison on Alexandras’ street where my father was being held. This was not only a thrill, a small act of revenge, but reinforced the sense that that distant country of English-speakers offered more protection than this one.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">We moved to Sweden in 1968 –  after my father, with the help of President Johnson who was quoted as saying, in full Texan drawl – “let that dam sunuvabitch out” –  was amnestied by the dictators. That’s where I dipped briefly but excitedly into the Englishness of that language. For a twelve-year old loosed on Stockholm, besides the blatant and unheard of pix of full-breasted vix which hung on just about every newsstand in the city, I was transfixed by certain words, like those for Entrance and Exit – the blatancy of the <em>infart </em>and <em>utfart </em>strewn all over the place. Yet my favorite from that short sojourn (one dark winter) I quickly rooted out. Adolescence is nothing if not the delight of the scatological (Greek for “study of excrement” as opposed to eschatological, the theology of death or endings). The word for constipation in Swedish was <em>ferstoppning</em>, which meant exactly what it said, thank you.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">We ended up in Canada in the last year of the decade, under the good graces of the then Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who offered political asylum to my father if he wouldn’t overdo his criticism of America – a restraint my father was unable to follow.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Strangely enough, or perhaps not so strangely, my real home, the one I thought as my real home was for many years the country of Canada. And Canadians – well they spoke pretty much like we did but to my great delight, not exactly. When I played basketball the referee might shout “Eeyoot of Boonds!” for “Out of Bounds!” Objects were “yea high,” highways had “soft shoulders,” and a decent-sized snowplow weighed “two ton” without the pluralizing ess. You could talk like you were a hardware employee showing a customer the goods and get away with it: “Well there, you’ve got <em>your</em> Phillips Screw and <em>your</em> five inch dead bolt…” The wonderful possessive <em>your </em>gave you instant ownership over all such male objects. There was also a machine called a “snowblower” which besides snow, would churn out pebbles, animals and, in at least one James Bond film, a couple of bad humans. Snowmobiles raced across the snow at night in the vast white space – an upgraded version of Dr Zhivago.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Going to school in rural Ontario I learned that the business end of a scythe was called a <em>snath</em>, that Viceroy butterflies look like Monarchs but don’t have the same flight pattern and that Lord Strathcona drove the last spike of the Canadian Pacific Railway on November 7, 1885. Swamps were called <em>muskegs</em>, a frozen pond thundered when you walked on it, trapped air bubbles looked like crystal balls, a hockey puck traveled up to a hundred miles an hour, a solid slapshot was as satisfying as any slam dunk, and contrary to popular wisdom, when it got really cold it didn’t snow.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Driving along Route 13 in King City one cold afternoon, we passed the small <em>kimitirio</em> with its snow-laden crosses sticking up like frozen spinning jacks. I turned to my mother. “Mom, when I die, this is where I want to be buried.” Not in Berkeley, not in Greece, not in Sweden but here, in King City, Ontario. I had never seen her cry before because of something I said.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">It was in Canada I first heard a third but instantly recognizable language, one which I sort of knew without ever having learned it. It was the language of the English spoken by first-generation Greeks, what the community of bi-culturals like me now informally calls Gringlish.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Gringlish usually takes English verbs or even nouns and pops them directly into the sentence: Will you park the car becomes, in Gringlish, “Tha kanis <em>park</em> to <em>caro</em>?” How many blocks away do you live becomes “Posa blockya makria?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I dislike the word <em>Gringlish</em> because it sounds like a combination of two evil heroes&#8211; Grendel and the Grinch. I prefer a word of my own invention, which is perhaps derogatory but more to the point: Dinerese. In the Greek diners across Route One along the East Coast, in Chicago or in Florida, beginning with perhaps the most famous Greek eatery in Astoria, the Neptune Diner, (nested neatly beneath the Triboro Bridge), you can still hear this language.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“The Greek people,” a phrase much liked and much used by my father, in Dinerese becomes “the Greek peep.” Greeks love the peep. Peeps of the world unite. Long live the peep. Fast-speaking Greeks dismiss the distance between words. Like a hut kupukuffee? No, you sumunabeets? (son of a…)</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">My favorite interchange occurred while in college, when a Greek-Greek who had learned English only from his law books and who worked part-time at a Greek pizza place in New Haven encountered a true-blood American. The conversation went something like this, best as I can recall:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Ordered a double cheese ‘zah, half-pep, half anch.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I am sorry. What was that?’</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Half-pep half-anch, man. The full spread.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I’m sorry. I don’t speak colloquial</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">You don’t speak what?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Slang. That’s it. I don’t speak slang.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Who’s speaking slang? I’m speaking English.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Do you mock me, sir? Do you deride me?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">C’mon man! I just want my ‘zah!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">You think you’re in your home you can talk like this?</span></p></blockquote>
<ul>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Man this ain’t no home, this is Athenian effing Pizza last time I looked. Which planet you from?</span></p></blockquote>
</ul>
<ul>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Planet is the ancient Greek word for wanderer, sir. I know precisely my origins sir, from Arta, in Western Greece, sir, where they once built the bridge.</span></p></blockquote>
</ul>
<ul>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Sheesh! Get back on that ship and return to wherever…! </span></p></blockquote>
</ul>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Strangely enough, the Greek I had learned as a kid in the “home” country, was a passport into restaurants, brought sudden connections in with others who’s surnames began with <em>Papa</em> or ended with <em>opoulos</em>, and afforded me instant, no-questions-asked entry into a distinctly raunchy world of night-clubs owned or run by Greeks, places called Mykonos, Zorba’s, or Towson Pizza. Wherever I traveled in America, I was sure to pop into a Greek restaurant or diner where I take temporary refuge from the strangeness of the world.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The burden of the Greek language continued to weigh on me even during my college years. I was now called upon to represent my father who was climbing the steps to the palace of power as chief opposition leader back in Greece, hell-bent on bringing “change.” At caucuses and fund-raisers in hard-core Greek-American communities I would blithely reel off the party’s triple objectives: “National Independence,” “Popular Rule”, and “Socialist Transformation.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">One particular location to which I was obliged to return to time and again was Crystal Palace in Astoria, Queens. The Crystal Palace was the prime location for thousands of Greek-American events over the past two to three decades: political rallies, wedding receptions, dances, baptisms, a Coppolian ethnic-American setting of sheer kitsch. Much later I realized that there once existed a real Crystal Palace, built over a hundred and fifty years ago in England, “the crystal edifice that can never be destroyed” as Dostoyevsky puts in the <em>Underground Man</em>. Though I am no longer enmeshed in that particular strain of ethnic America called Astoria (and though Astoria has now lost much of its Greekness), back then I culled a small bit of satisfaction from my secret knowledge of this indirect link to the Russian writer.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">.***</span></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">By the age of twenty-nine I acquired yet another language. A Ph.D. in economics taught me everything there was to know about <em>transcendental logarithmic cost functions</em>, <em>variance covariance matrices </em>and <em>three stage least squares estimators</em>. Except for my first years in Greece, I hadn’t really spent much there, besides summers and election campaigns. With studies completed my deferment expired and in the mid eighties I returned for my military service, exactly a week after defending my doctorate in one of those movie-perfect ivy league campuses. I could have relied on my American citizenship to avoid military service altogether, but such an act would have been highly unpatriotic and second, I actually liked the idea of wearing a uniform and carrying a gun and not reading yet another economics article. There was also this: I imagined bumping into an officer who had arrested my father the night of the coup, the same one who had pointed a machine gun at my face. The thought excited me. I am sorry to report that such a meeting never occurred and that the extreme right-wing officers saluted me as I did them. There was also the added weight that my father was not only prime minister, but minister of defense. Their former enemy was no their boss.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">That’s how I found myself on the island of Lemnos, in Northern Greece, inducted into the Greek Air Force. The island, the home of Poseidon, was honed of jagged volcanic rock that jutted up into the sky like broken teeth. The old women living inland looked like ghosts from the medieval age and would draw their when strangers like me passed by. Lobster, perch, bream and octopus were as plentiful as fresh bread and olive oil, and just as cheap. Thanks to Melina Mercouri, Minister of Culture, the old Venetian castle in the main town was lit up at night and from the tiny window of my barracks, it seemed to float in the sky like a fantastical spaceship.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The barracks themselves were full of raw eighteen year olds who spoke with distinct regional accents. I immediately felt like an intruder, a jokester, a false twin who would soon be discovered to be an American pretending to be the Prime Minister’s son. As the son of the highly nationalistic leader, I was supposed to be the automatic expert on all matters Greek, to know the Heroes of the Revolution, to know which minister served what post and what year, and worst of all, to make no grammatical mistakes on all the documents for which, as chief accountant for the base, I was now responsible.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yet for all the pressure, there was one tremendous benefit for a word-infected person like me: Army slang. Greek army slang.  “With someone else’s ass it’s easy to pretend your gay,” I heard one soldier say after the commander ordered him to clean the latrines for a second time. Another soldier who stubbed his toe shouted in the middle of the night: “Screw the donkey that ate Christ’s palm fronds on the road to Nazareth!” If you dropped your rifle you would most likely think of God and shout “Screw the Virgin Mary’s Ear!” This was a reference to Immaculate Conception. I recalled hearing somewhere that certain Fathers of the Church once held that such a conception had occurred via the good Mary’s auricular orifice.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Not that the soldiers had no sense of their ancient heritage. For the changing of the guard our passwords were as follows:</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Halt! Who goes!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Hercules!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Achilles!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Patroclus! </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">These were things the Turks, the enemy about fifty kilometers away, were supposed to have no idea about and would never answer properly.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">My greatest fear at the time was to be called up in front of the thousand or so soldiers before lights out to recite the Lord’s Prayer. Because of all the back and forth between countries, I had missed the teaching of it in either language and for the life of me couldn’t remember it. Each night, standing in line with the rest of the soldiers, the commander would call out a name at random and ask the specified “grunt” to come recite the prayer. While waiting for the name to be called, I would try to remember the prayer, filling in the empty Greek parts with what I remembered in English, then translating it back into Greek. But this was a puzzle not done under pressure, next to a thousand breathing bodies. Fortunately the stars were not once in disorder. My name was never called.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">***</span></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">All this was a rich linguistic pillow in which to sleep at night. When I finally decided to write, in English of course, I realized that the friction of the two languages which had caused my such anxiety had great value. I could convert the trivial cliché of one language into the metaphorically rich of the other. A clever person is an &#8220;eagle&#8217;s talon,&#8221; a tall man is a &#8220;Cypress-lad,&#8221; a piano is &#8220;tooth-mattress,&#8221; the earth is an &#8220;ant-sphere,&#8221; a boy&#8217;s erect penis is a &#8220;fakir&#8217;s flute.” &#8220;Never scowl at the lowest steps,&#8221; a saying goes, &#8220;since you need them to get to the palace.&#8221;</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I discovered rhyming couplets from the island of Crete which I tried to translate: </span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"><em>Others shrivel up from the times, the wars and years</em></span></p></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"><em>but me, I shrivel up with the pains and the fears. </em></span></p></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"><em>The wind beats my clothes and the sun eats my knives</em></span></p></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"><em>and a small little love eats up my insides </em></span></p></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">There was gold then in them thar  hills. “I can hear the smell,” a village woman once told me when the wind brought with it bits of the sea. I was shocked by the confounding of  the senses. She had just expressed what philosophers call “synaesthesia”, where one sense “leaks into” the other. (Ah, there’s that unexpected four letter word coming back at me). I came across a more literary example of a synesthete in Nabokov’s autobiography <em>Speak Memory</em> in which he tells of seeing colors when he hears the alphabet pronounced – a trait he refers to as “colored hearing” or<em>audition colorée </em>in French which, I guess, sounds more sophisticated.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">***</span></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">My Greek grandmother, Sophia Mineiko Papandreou, half-Greek and half-Polish, offered me a name of someone she once knew, a little girl named Eulaliah. The prefix <em>ef</em>, meaning good, is joined with the word <em>lalia</em>, meaning speech. It sounded the name of a Faulkner character. I did actually meet a Eulalia, on the island of Syros, with its Catholic and Orthodox churches competing for space in the crowded architecture of the city. I was presenting my first book <em>A Crowded Heart,</em> written in English but translated into Greek. A white-haired actor who was known for his Oedipus had been chosen to read a section from my book. His training caused him to shout paragraphs at the top of his voice, drag vowels, exaggerate questions, accentuate the full stops with anger, and turn a lowly bit of dialogue into high drama. Once the applause subsided, an applause which rivaled his efforts, he took a seat next to me. While others continued to speak about my book – the mayor, a deputy from my father’s party, a high-school teacher with two books of poetry under his belt, and god knows how many others, he struck up a loud conversation with me –  as if we weren’t sitting in full view of the public. I kept hunching down in the hope that this obvious body language would induce him to lower his voice but to no avail. Suddenly he squeezed my thigh excitedly. “See that girl there, over there, with the dark hair and those eyes? You see her? She once had a speech impediment but I corrected it with four years of lessons in <em>orthophony</em>(proper enunciation). Take one guess what her name is.” That’s how I met the only Eulaliah I have ever known. I even got the chance to sign her name in my book – which I did with a calligraphic flourish. She was indeed a tall, dark-haired beauty and she did indeed speak with perfect diction, the way a Eulaliah should, but nope I never saw her again.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"><em>Lalia</em> in Greek means voice or language or tongue.  In the Swedish the word for Speak is Tala. <em>Tala svensk?</em> In Danish <em>Lalle</em> is a drunken person’s babble. When I started to learn some Spanish I thought I heard an echo of <em>Lalia </em>in Habla with that <em>la </em>at the end of it. From a Brazilian acquaintance I heard <em>Fala</em> for talk. Think Parler. Or parlance.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">One summer, back in Greece between college years, I visited the pine-filled island of Skiathos. A fisherman took me to his favorite beach – Lalaria. Why is it called Lalaria I asked? He had an answer – when doesn’t a Greek?  “You see those rocks there?” He pointed to large round stones like ostrich eggs that formed the beach. “When the sea hits those stones they talk. La la. Close your eyes and listen.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I think all members of my family have been partly wounded by language: Brother George, in the words of his detractors, “is our first Minister of Foreign Affairs who actually speaks a <em>second</em>language – Greek.” My mother doesn’t “do” television interviews because she is worried she will place a feminine pronoun to a masculine noun and this, after leading the Greek woman’s movement for decades. My sister has escaped to Canada and her little son now speaks fluent “Canadian.” For a long time, my younger brother Andreas prepared his economics classes at the university down to the last word, so that he didn’t make any grammatical mistakes. My father, burdened with the suspicion that he was too American after twenty years in the States, commanded both languages fluently. Ironically enough he was perhaps the only member who never worried that the “mistake bird” of language would sit on his shoulder.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I now treasure the full-time split. English acts as a passport into unexplored territory, the terrain of my fictional Greece, the Greece of my memory, the Greece of my childhood. </span></p></blockquote>
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		<title>How Henry Learns</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=81</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=81#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Dec 2009 08:10:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Short Stories]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=81</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 



Rosa, I have a confession to make. That&#8217;s why I&#8217;m talking to you, why I&#8217;m holding your picture, the one from Henry&#8217;s thirteenth birthday party. Today I broke my promise. Today I told Henry. Let me explain.
Remember when we first came to see our property in King City? Yes, you&#8217;ve heard this part before, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"> </span></p>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><strong><br />
</strong></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Rosa, I have a confession to make. That&#8217;s why I&#8217;m talking to you, why I&#8217;m holding your picture, the one from Henry&#8217;s thirteenth birthday party. Today I broke my promise. Today I told Henry. Let me explain.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Remember when we first came to see our property in King City? Yes, you&#8217;ve heard this part before, but let me tell it again, don&#8217;t talk back. You read me the sign on Jane street &#8212; you knew some English: <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Population 1,000, Growing with Canada</span>. “A country still growing,” you said, shaking your head and laughing. I laughed too, though I didn&#8217;t really understand. You&#8217;re smarter than me, I admit. You stared at the empty land the government sold to us for two hundred dollars, pointed your finger at it and said, “Mario, here we build a home.” I was so happy that I ran into the land doing cartwheels and back flips, ignoring the thistles and milkweed. When I returned my face and legs were scratched, remember?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Mario, you are crazy,” you said, “this is Canada now. You must never reveal your past. You don&#8217;t want to be sent back, do you?” I listened to you, when did I not? Maybe it would have been better for both of us if I hadn&#8217;t. Maybe I would have been kinder to you all these years, maybe the strength of my hands would have exhausted itself in the tight grip of another <em>funambulista</em> like myself. I bite my hand for every time I hit you.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">So I became a Canadian. I learned the right size ring-dog to attach to a chain, the allowable tension for two-inch cabling, the cracking heat of cinder-blocks and the minimum air pressure for an earth mover&#8217;s tire. I waded into swamps and tied chains to trees, I dug gullies for pipes along Highway 401 and stood next to the heat of fresh asphalt in the midday sun. I came across a dusty moth big enough to smother my face in its clothy wings.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I had accidents that could only happen here: a buzzsaw flew out of my hand and sliced some flesh from my arm; our lawnmower tipped over and shaved off half a finger. You know it well.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I never once let on I was an acrobat, that I knew how to kip, spin and fly through the air, hang from up high and land on the strongman’s shoulders after doing two somersaults. All these years I fought the urge to break into a handstand during lunch time or balance myself on a tall branch or leap off the back of a truck with a full body flip, pick up my equipment and walk away as if nothing happened. I was the Paisano. I accepted this, just as you accepted other things, wasn&#8217;t that the way? You must have  known I longed for the ache in my knees from hanging on the trapeze, the pounding in my head when I dove in the air like a bird, that I needed to feel my legs hurt from the good pain of exercise and not the bad pain of work, I wanted to feel my calves bulging, watch the muscles beneath my thighs arch like dolphins, listen to the long applause of a crowd. Forget that, you said this is Canada.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Ah. This is Canada, a blessed country. You can tangle your fingers in strands of grass and tear off the top layer of earth like lifting a wig from a head. In twenty-four hours it&#8217;s grown back. I cleared acres and acres of thistle, tore up and replanted trees, transformed an angry swamp into a serene golf course. I gave this land shape, I subdued it. When I drive along the Fifteenth Concession or Jane Street I&#8217;m in the company of trees I&#8217;ve planted. Grass is green because of me. But I don&#8217;t know how to help Henry grow into a man. For this, I need you.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">*</span></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">One night I had to go searching for him. I found him playing on the small pond at King&#8217;s Cross Estates. The kids park their parents&#8217; expensive cars to light up the pond, engines running, high beams shining against their hockey shirts. These are nearly men that Henry plays against. I watched for a while. They threw him to the ice, they slashed the stick from his hands, pushed him off the pond and into the snow where he sprawled forward on his skates, trying to keep his balance, hands waving like a windmill. Why did you buy him the equipment? I see the ice skates which cost me two weeks of work for that Milanese Natale, who values only the strength in my legs and the width of my back, and I wonder how you ever convinced me to give you the money. You had your ways, Rosa, you had your ways. Now he&#8217;s bought himself the shoulder pads. He has the knobby-fingered gloves, the hard plastic helmet, and now the bulky shoulder pads. This isn&#8217;t a sport, this is a costume party.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Yesterday, on the way home, I hit him again. I&#8217;d already slapped his face when I walked straight out onto the pond to get him, you know me. Someone said something about eye-ties and Mussolini but I ignored that, I&#8217;m not that crazy. Eye-ties, you see? Henry will always be an Italian, never a Canadian. When we came home I tried to make it up to him. I wrapped black electrical tape around his hockey stick. “This stick,” I told him, “she has more cracks in it than the  Sistine Chapel.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yeah, and she&#8217;s that old, too,” he replied, shaking his long brown hair the way he does when talks back. Welts rose up on his face. “At school they think we&#8217;re poor.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">They think we&#8217;re poor because his hockey stick is cracked. I told him I went to school barefoot, shared schoolbooks with my three brothers, wrote on both sides of the paper with a pencil no bigger than a bean, and wore the same pair of pants for the whole year.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yeah, well this is Canada, dad!” he shouted before I’d finished. I slapped him. “I hate soccer!” he shouted, “I hate Italy! I hate you!”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I wish you were here to tell him stories. About Giacomo Sorcanera beating Marietta because the newborn baby had blues eyes like his brother&#8217;s or about Filomena Sapone who suckled her five-year old in the village square. Words would pour out of your mouth even though the asthma tired you, your eyes would burn, your breath would shorten but you&#8217;d keep talking.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">You were my Sicily, Rosa.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">From you Henry learned about Niccolo Ciccavo, who went to jail four times, each time earning greater respect, about the Candeloro family who sold their land to send their only son, Luigi, to Rome to become a doctor and how Luigi lost all the money in a single Scopone game; Verdone Perrili who promised to wait until his mother died to get married but died before she did; Battista Lo Posto, the village philosopher with five different kinds of sleeplessness; Giacinto Barleta who when the Russians put a man into space, dug a small hole in his father&#8217;s grave and shouted him the news. Now you&#8217;re gone. Sicily is gone.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Sometimes he crawls into my bed and calls your name. I cannot have him sleeping on your side Rosa, I cannot bear another heart beating next to mine, so I kick him out. I am not a good father. Was I good husband? Didn&#8217;t I make you happy? Remember when you hit me over the head with the Virgin&#8217;s Meditations book? “You&#8217;re right, Rosa,” was all I said. You weren&#8217;t afraid of me, even after everything. Henry&#8217;s eyes are large and brown like yours, with long eyelashes that I&#8217;ve never seen on a boy.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> My English is worse. I don&#8217;t watch television because of the empty sofa. Sometimes Henry has to remind me to do the shopping. I&#8217;m no good in the supermarket which has so many things. I always choose the wrong thing, so I bring Henry along because he knows what to buy and how much. He’s smart when he wants to be..</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">*</span></p>
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<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> I hope you will understand me now Rosa when I tell you how it all happened. Yesterday me and the new boy from Alberta cleared an area of forest to make way for a radio antenna. That Albertan, he&#8217;s muscular, a true Canadian, he&#8217;s something to behold, with a lithe waist, a haughty demeanor and broad, confident shoulders. In a circus he’d be the strongman.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">We walked deep into the forest, until we reached a tall oak tree with a red ribbon tied to it. Yellow fungus grew on trunks like bloated tongues; an army of ants trooped along the frayed edge of a decaying log. I inhaled the dusky odor of the leaves and damp forest. Suddenly I grabbed hold of a branch and swung up the trunk. I started to rise higher and higher, reaching, angling, clawing, like climbing the metal rungs of the trapeze post, remember? Leaves brushed against my face, my hands grew red from clenching the coarse wood, the dank wetness of the tree closed in on me like a blanket. I climbed until I could no longer hear the Albertan shouting at me to come down. Up there the darkness gave way to a sun big as Canada. Trees covered the land in a haze of green. I reached the crown of the tree and it swayed from my weight. I wanted to do something crazy Rosa. I wondered how many somersaults it would take to fall to the ground, I wondered if I could leap across to the neighboring tree with a one-and-a half gainer or if my hands would slip when I reached the branch. Then I heard something and looked up.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">A large bird flew in slow circular movements as if it had all the time in the world. It coasted in the air, soaring round and round, graceful in its solitude. A single, faint flap of its sizable wings was enough keep it aloft. It seemed charmed.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Eh, paisano Tarzano!” The Albertan was shouting. I started to climb down. The taste of bark was still strong in my mouth and my face stung from the leaves. When I reached the bottom I felt light. The bird had lifted something heavy from inside me, Rosa. And what I did next, I couldn&#8217;t help. I did a flip. Right in front of the Albertan. And then two more. He asked me where I learned to do that.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“In Sicily,” I told him. But that wasn&#8217;t how they found out about my past. I told the police myself. No wait, don&#8217;t protest. Listen.</span></p></blockquote>
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<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When I returned from work that day the circus was still inside me. I took off my steel-toed construction boots, the jeans with the thick red-checkered lining you bought for me at the IGA, ungreased my hands and naked, a thick-legged, hard-butted beast, rummaged through the attic for my old uniform. I found the leotard and sweatshirt, the one that says “Il Grande Roncali” on the back. I hunched my body to slip into the straps and I straightened up gently to make sure the material didn&#8217;t rip. The stitches yielded up a smell of sweat from a hundred ancient performances. The uniform snuck into my crotch and suffocated my thighs, but the old thing held. Not a perfect fit but still a fit.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Remember when you pointed to the telephone wires along the roads and said “We&#8217;re in Canada now, you see Mario, every house has a telephone?” When <span style="text-decoration: underline;">I</span> stared at the wires all I could think of was walking across them. When we had just arrived such a feat would have been easy to perform. My muscles were less bulky and my balance was as sensitive as a gyroscope. How many mornings had I stared at them from the bedroom window?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I went outside and sat beneath the post. I looked at the knots running up it. After all those years in the forest, I can read a tree, even a naked one like the post, I can imagine the branches full with life, I can picture the serrated edges of the leaves, the veins on each leaf. I was already a third of the way along the post before I realized what I was doing. I was climbing up like a caterpillar, using the ghosts of the knots as meager footholds, my arms and legs working in automatic union like they should. I didn&#8217;t care anymore, Rosa, do you understand? I didn&#8217;t care who found out. Halfway up I stopped for a breather. The plastic cones that held the three separate telephone lines taut looked like small white birds. I climbed some more.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Finally I was up. The tip of the telephone pole across the street rose above the wires like a mast. There was no safety net below. Foolishly, as if I were still the young acrobat, I stood. A gust of wind caused me to careen forward, and for a moment I imagined the ground rushing up to my face, the bright September sky and trees tumbling around me. But I didn&#8217;t fall. Arms spinning in the air like propellers, one leg unhinged, the other slipping, I crouched into myself, hugged my knees and instantly regained the blessed center of my personal gravity. It&#8217;s one thing to climb up a living birch and know that you might pass through soft wet leaves and branches, and at the end, land on a fat floor of humus; it&#8217;s another to be standing in the wind atop a skinny telephone pole with nothing but three invisible wires between me and the hard earth. Fifteen years Rosa, fifteen. I am allowed a little fear, no?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I saw the top of our A-frame, the chimneys rising from the King&#8217;s Cross Estates, and the cypresses around the small cemetery where we buried you and I remembered the smell of clove in your mouth when I kissed you for the last time. I stared at the post across the street and then I imagined the next post, lost somewhere in the trees; I imagined a whole fleet of them stretching clear across Canada, connecting King City to Vancouver. The idea that a massive grid of posts and wires connected the vast empty spaces of Canada would make you happy, Rosa, you who loved the telephone.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">That&#8217;s how my courage returned. <em>Bastardi</em>! I shouted. Come to Canada, come to King City, come see the construction worker walk across the sky, you, Schwartz and your cows, you, Currans and your eleven carrot-headed children, you, Natales, and everybody who ever thought I was just a paisano, come see me now, come see Il Grande Roncali. And you know what? They did.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">First came the Hobson boy. Next, three of the Curran girls showed up, pedaling their bicycles furiously toward me, their dresses ballooning in the air, their fiercely braided hair bouncing like rope around their shoulders. And Schwartz too, driving his Gravely along the side of the road, knees sticking out like a grasshopper.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Roncali,” he said, twisting his head up, “what in the devil are you doing there dressed like that?” I don&#8217;t think he ever turned his head up so high in his life, I could almost hear the folds of flesh in his neck creak.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Lights flashed. The Mounties &#8212; a carload of them &#8212; halted behind Hobson&#8217;s pick-up. From above they all looked the same, the same shiny shaved faces, brown hats, tight-fitting shirts and riding pants with a black stripe down the seam, the kind of pants Il Duce himself like to wear, remember? One of them returned spoke through the megaphone attached to the squad car’s roof. Officer Fred Colson. Don&#8217;t you love those Canadian names? Roy Farquahar, Richard Eckersely, Brian McDougall; what about real names, like Giacobbe Losurdo, Antonio Ranocchia, Baldovino Sciarappa, names that fill your mouth when you say them, names that are alive, warm, names that reveal a story. Henry Roncali!</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“This is Officer Colson. Would you please return to the ground?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He said this as if he was asking for more milk in his coffee. In Sicily if a man climbed a telephone post, children would shout, the priest would perform a blessing, the old women would cross themselves, maybe the carabinieri would shoot a rifle into the air, and afterwards, afterwards the whole village would have earned still one more story to tell its children and grandchildren.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Then I heard Henry’s voice. He was scared, his voice was accusing, insistent.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">With one foot on the post and one on the wire, head over my shoulder, I turned slowly to show him my sweatshirt and the name across the back. “Do you think I was born wearing construction boots?” I shouted. He stared with those eyes of his, of yours, the long lashes, the carbon eyebrows, the dark complexion. “This is better than counting the stitches on a goalie&#8217;s face, eh?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">After that, which direction was there for me but straight ahead? I extended my arms and stepped with both feet onto the wire. It sagged One of the Curran girls brought her hands to her eyes.<em>Dio Bon</em>! A small wave coursed through the wire, bounced off the post and I bent my knees to absorb the returning hump. This is something I have never done before, walk across a sagging highwire. When I reached the middle I think I was down a foot and I was swaying in a slight horizontal arc. I used all the muscles in my tremulous legs to stop the swaying. I imagined a heavy weight dangling from my waist, holding the symmetry of my body dead center. Step by wobbly step I proceeded to cross the wire. The wire dipped again but I didn&#8217;t hesitate, I had mastered the peculiar physics of a loose highwire. So I walked across the sky just as the sun was coming down. It was like the ending of an Italian movie, Rosa. I don&#8217;t remember if they applauded when I reached the other side. I didn&#8217;t care. I came down, caterpillar fashion. Henry was staring at me with a strange expression on his face, as if he didn&#8217;t recognize me.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Officer Colson said simply, “You&#8217;re under arrest,” and then asked me to get into the squad car. For disturbing traffic and endangering citizens. What traffic? What citizens? They would have paid for me to do it over again.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I told them everything. I told them that I worked for Mussolini and that the Duce himself used to come watch me perform. That I had pictures of us together. Colson said he didn&#8217;t care about my past, do you hear that? And all this time we thought we were hiding a great secret from them.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">They asked about the bruises on the boy&#8217;s face. I told them it was only a slap. “There&#8217;s a slap and there&#8217;s a slap,” Officer Colson answered, when he set me free the next morning. He thinks he&#8217;s pretty smart with that slap and slap business. This is Canada, Rosa where they can tell a father how to raise his child. Henry stayed with the O&#8217;Haras for the night.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">It was Barney O&#8217;Hara who told Henry about Mussolini. He told him Mussolini was a fascist. He&#8217;s right. But what could I tell him? That I was one too? That Benito used to be my hero and the hero of so many others in our village? I showed him the picture, the one where I&#8217;m in my uniform, surrounded by carabinieri and soldiers and Il Duce who is shaking hands with me, his chest full of medals. On the back of the picture it said: “Il Grande Roncali e Il Duce.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“You mean Mussolini,” Henry said, “Is that why you used to hit mom so much?” I wanted to tell him that my grandfather Giancarlo had marked his first wide on her face because she once burned his food and that my father had locked me up in the attic for two days without water because I took the Virgin’s name in vain, but I didn’t. Instead I tore the picture up. We made a bonfire behind the house and burned some things. There was one book with a thick cover that wouldn&#8217;t burn, the pages were so glossy. Then, when it caught, the pages turned and one by one. Pictures of our expedition to Ethiopia, soldiers marching through water with their rifles above their heads, drawings of maps, sketches of battle plans. Henry stared while it burned. The pages curled and turned to ash. Then I burned something else, I hope you will forgive me. I took all your clothes, the dresses, the shoes, all your things that stared at me in the closet every morning &#8212; they were no longer you, they were empty. Henry didn&#8217;t say a word.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Later, when the last embers glowed, he said now that he knew I was an acrobat to show him how to do a kip. Did I have a choice? With palms flat on the ground and elbows back I kipped up and went into a somersault. The first time he tried a kip he fell; the third time, with a little help from me, he made it. He learns fast. He has balance, it&#8217;s hereditary.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I told him how I gather all my strength into my legs, Rosa; how I feel my calves and thighs grow tight as a cord. I have legs like the Colossus of Rhodes. At my peak I could rise to a meter and twenty centimeters above ground.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I explained to him the art of the full-body somersault.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The trick is the take-off and the landing. All the horizontal power of the run must be converted into upward motion, I run as hard as I can and then &#8212; mmmph! &#8212; I hit an invisible wall and lift up into the air with so much strength I think I&#8217;ll keep going on forever. This I call the Right Angle of Triumph.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">After the run and the lift into the air, I am upside down. The ground is close and threatening with its unforgiving hardness. My feet point to the skies, my hair hangs down and my head is heavy. I turn like a satellite in space, slowly, slowly, and then I come up and meet the earth. If it&#8217;s done perfectly I am already standing, standing straight, Rosa, a man.</span></p></blockquote>
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		<title>The ace cedes his throne</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=79</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Dec 2009 08:08:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Short Stories]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=79</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 








And here was great old Piraeus. Ships lined up along the quay like an apartment complex with high rises and low-rises and chimney stacks scattered here and there. Men pushed carts in front of departing ferry boats, in case passengers hungered for sugar cane, almonds, cashews, pistachios, dried apricots. Islanders with overflowing families arrived [...]]]></description>
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<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">And here was great old Piraeus. Ships lined up along the quay like an apartment complex with high rises and low-rises and chimney stacks scattered here and there. Men pushed carts in front of departing ferry boats, in case passengers hungered for sugar cane, almonds, cashews, pistachios, dried apricots. Islanders with overflowing families arrived with dreams stuffed into their overflowing suitcases. Women carried bags with kataifi and baklava to sweeten their sudden appearance at the door of unsuspecting relatives. Men just off the ships walked into small <em>polypoleia</em>and wondered what sort of jobs were available. Some walked right up to the gates of the Hercules Cement Company or the Bodosaki shipyards or the Mobil Oil refineries and asked for work. It was 1960 and all of Greece was on the move.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">For the islanders the first thing they saw coming into port was the tall Niarchos building. Most of them had never seen anything over four stories and this building was at least twice as tall and three times as wide and many commented on whether Niarchos had really killed his wife or whether she had died on her own. From their holds the ships unloaded crates of tile from Italy, cars from Germany, radios from Minnesotta, bright orange tractors with fresh-smelling tires from Iowa, round metal drums of chemicals from Holland; and in exchange they took on wheat to North Africa, pieces of marble big as a truck to the mastercavers in Italy, crates of olives and olive oil, manganese, aluminum and aluminium, tin, phosphorus and limestone, and wads and wads of cotton to the ports of Rotterdam, Bristol, Southampton, the Hague and Hamburg.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Not everybody was arriving those years. Many were leaving. Sometimes a young boy, an adolescent, departed from his home in Piraeus with only a hundred drachmas in his pocket and six months later his parents would receive a telegram telling them he’d just docked in Shanghai or Havana or New York or Puerto del Fuego or Mozambique and that for the last half year he’d worked as a <em>moutsos </em>aboard the SS Orion or the SS Hercules and that he missed them and his sister and his friend Aris, and his parents, who’d suspected as much, because when they recalled their son’s mood in the weeks preceeding his departure they did detect a certain aloofness. Only then did they find, beneath his mattress, an Atlas with lines connecting cities across the seas, all of them radiating out like a great spoke, from the port of Piraeus. They knew that the captain’s of most ships weren’t averse to letting a young man test himself on the great oceans of the world, after all they knew what kind of men Greece needed and they knew the call of the sea because they too had answered that call years ago, before they became captains. Most on the ship believed such boys brought good luck, these boys who boarded with hope and a questing countenance that noticed everything, from the length of the masts to the balls of rope, from the links of the chains to the hum of the engines.This lent a little lustre and glamour to their jobs, the boys’ fawning awe and desperate fascination.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">How many young men have clattered up the narrow slatted base of the sliding stairs and asked the captain for berth in exchange for kitchen duty, engine mate, or simply deck swabbing? And when the ropes are tossed off the metal stays, when the ship hoots and the chains rattle and the propellers churn and the great behemoth lumbers slowly out of the great port, taking a long while before the last ship is out of sight, past the stretch along the mainland, past Sounion, past the rocky and raw islands and then on down to the Suez canal or past the Rock of Gibraltar along the shores of Africa, docking for two nights at the Ivory Coast where the boy purchases a colorful shawl for his mother whom he has suddenly missed and three bagfuls of nuts for less than two drachmas or docking in the port of Liberia where everybody spoke English and had American names and spent dollars, or trading a pack of American cigarettes for a night with a woman in Santiago or clothes for a wooden carving from an old man in the port of Shanghai.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Andreas was one of those who came to Piraeus from the islands, with his parents and his three sisters, Ioulia, Varvara, and the eldest, Smaragdi who’d married Dimitris the policeman from the sixth precinct in Pireas. He himself had considered boarding a ship and busting butt out of here but since his older brother’s death of drowning &#8212; the best sponger in Hydra &#8212; Andreas wanted nothing to do with the sea. He was afraid of it. Spongers told of waves big as buildings crashing against the hull of ships and cracking the metal like it was made of clay; of monster sightings in the Gulf of Corinth and the Ionian Sea, stories of great beasts latching onto ships and tipping them over and then swallowing survivors like they were bits of bread like bait, ready for the taking. Pireaus was solid, the mainland, and there was no need for Andreas ever to board a ship or anything that floated again, anything that roiled and heaved and spilled you into the cold depths.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">What he needed most he couldn’t have – something else, something he couldn’t quite define. Each time he thought he had it in his hands, like a soft ball of clay or a solid watermelon, that’s how certain he was that this aching inside was about to disappear, and then it would appear again, larger and more aching than ever. He was certain that this aching, this strange longing, which came usually at night when he stared out at the port and listened to the hoot of ships arriving or leaving, could be quenched and satisfied in the embrace of a woman and so convinced was he of this palliative that he often ended up in just such an embrace, only to find that the ache would return the following night, more insistent, calling him once more and then again he would leave his home in search of something he soon knew he would never find, but he couldn’t stop himself from searching.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">It might hit him in the morning, when his head was clear. His job was to scrub the hulls of trawlers in the shipyards. Sometimes he’d be rubbing back and forth and the steady motion would bring another kind of motion to mind and he would push himself up against the hard hull as if he were reaching high up for a difficult spot and the need was so great that he would nearly faint and the pressure of his pelvis against the ship both soothed and excited him and there were times when he was certain he wouldn’t make it until the night. The curve of the hull, the feel of the wet shammy rag in his hand, the way the mussels stuck to the ship with such tenacity, the pile of open barnacles strewn at his feet, this for him were signs that man was born with woman’s open legs in their heads, inside the never-ending folds of the brain. Even those folds reminded him of a woman; somedays every fold, every curve and sinewy shape, everything that arched, turned and curled brought the idea of woman to his mind. Not a particular woman, but this other being, so different than him. He was sure that god had imprinted the idea of woman into man’s brain, like food. The days when the shammyrag felt full and swollen in his palm, when it felt he was holding a live object in his hand, that smelled of wet sea and felt like the softness of something slick, that’s when he began to see <em>mountza</em> everywhere, everywhere a woman&#8217;s <em>mountza</em>.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He blamed his sisters too. They slept in his room and it was wrong for women, even sisters, to lay in beds so close to a man. Only a few nights ago, while he lay sprawled on his hard bed, his mind dazed by two kilos of retsina and three hours of bouzouki, Varvara, the older sister, sighed and moaned as if Neptune himself had entered her dreams and when the moon rose and its beams searched out and discovered a direct line through the window, he saw the firm marble-colored flesh of her breasts heaving like the sea and he stilled a long cry of desire and shame by stuffing his mouth with his fist.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">We are poor, Andreas thought. Poverty was god’s punishment to man. Poverty meant no shower, no kitchen, and no room for him to sleep in nor to bring a woman home. Poverty meant sleeping in the same small bedroom with his sisters, four saints, and a snail.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Why would anyone have made a decision to locate him on the corner of Drama and Aghiou Dimitriou, stuck between buildings, leaning like a cripple against the wall, one sock on one foot, the other in his hand, full of a longing that he himself couldn’t decipher.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He had grown however into one of the well known tough guys, better known as the ace of Pireas. Those who knew him knew he drank retsina instead of ouzo, sprinkled oregano on his goat cheese, spat on his shoes to keep them shiny and wore his shirt open to expose his mother’s crucifix.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">After last night&#8217;s sortie, in the company of men hunched over like bent spoons as they danced, it was a wonder that he was up this fine Sunday morning, but up he was, making chortling noises in the water-filled sink, and, as if he hadn&#8217;t been carried to bed by his sisters because his own  motor had simply stopped running, as if his ears weren&#8217;t buzzing, he strolled out the front door just as an amber sun rose over Pireas. Still, he was so tired his face had already reached his feet.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The ace didn’t like getting drunk so often, but did he have any choice? Each night someone in the world went down that road, and he was doing his part, fulfilling the world-wide quota of Saturday night drunks. If it wasn’t him, it would be someone else.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He headed toward the harbor.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Soon enough, relief was in sight: behind a passing tram, behind an overturned boat, between massive ships and mounds of netting, the first glimpse of the sea, a sea which was sometimes silver-grey, sometimes dark deep blue or sometimes light as the heavens. A quickened step carried him over the traintracks and there, with the city of Pireas at his back, the sea, was once again his, glittering like crushed glass in the early morning light. Sitting on one of the bronzed stays, next to the custom house, he listened. There was something comforting in the rhythmic sound of water slapping against the wharf, in the sight of fishermen mending their nets, and in the rugged voices of the stevedores helping the large ships dock.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He hadn’t been sitting there for more than a half hour when he noticed a poster of Aliki Vouyouklaki, the kitten-like actress, plastered on the old custom building’s wall. Her short dress, her kid-like pony-tails, her white teeth and her smooth face instantly reminded him of Anna, Angelou’s daughter. Both the actress and Anna had this impish femininity, child-like innocence trapped inside a body made for sin.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Andreas had never been with a woman like Anna, you know, proper, educated, soft-spoken, well-dressed, hard-working. In Anna he believed he could quench this unfathomable longing for something that he couldn’t quite define. She’d just returned from boarding school that week and he’d seen her sitting primly on her porch with her legs together, a pyramid of beauty, exposing the fringed white lace of her slip. She was the perfect seven. Two knees, two palms, two perfect breasts. Plus one perfect forehead. In all of Pireas you wouldn’t find more than a handful of girls like her.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Suddenly he stood, pressed his cheek against Aliki’s face and closed his eyes. Ignoring the scrabbly surface pushing through the poster he drew in his breath. From the cusom station’s yard came a strong smell, full of colors, like a bouquet of wild flowers. That’s how Anna would smell.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The ace returned home at a fast pace, stopping only for a moment at Mouslopoulos’ <em>aroma</em> store. He waved to the Coffinas brothers who were banging nails into wood. Tsaka Tsouka had already passed by with his cart, he could tell from the sunflower seeds that children were spitting out.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He had known Anna for three years but the idea of something more permanent suddenly possessed a powerful logic. Anna gave off this bright yellow color, like a small sun. But her countenance, which seemed to him demure and calm by day, returned to him by night through the gashy haze of his sleep, her face now distorted by anxious desire, her eyes wanton and bright, her lips full and red. Perhaps he was confusing his many women with this single one.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">A bird from Ramfos’ garden cried a strange warbling cry. As if this were a signal, the ace left the home and with a strong gait, heart pounding in his ears, crossed the street. The evenings sounds grew sharper; boys playing soccer shouted “<em>Pass! Pass!</em>” From somewhere behind the houses a man shouted that he would sharpen knives for half a drachma; in the distance, the deep blare of a ship, and from an open window came the scratchy voice of the old hash-smoking singer, Tsitsanis.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">With that bright chipmunk called hope gnawing at his heart, he ran his fingers through his hair, skipped up the four steps to Anna’s home and banged on the door. The door unlocked with two turns.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“May I help you?” Anna’s father&#8217;s tall form filled the entrance. His face was pale and dry, with blotchy violet liver spots. His bony hand gripped the door, not quite opening all the way.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I&#8217;d like to speak to Anna.” The ace pushed the door but the old man held it firmly in place.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Speak to me.” He looked as tough as gnarled wood.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Anna, please.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Anna please?” he repeated. “What is my daughter, something on a menu? Miss Angelou to you.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The ace drew in his breath and looked down. The father&#8217;s shoes were spotlessly clean, the worn laces carefully tied.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“May I speak to Miss Angelou?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“There&#8217;s only one reason a man like you asks to speak to my daughter. Am I right?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Without hesitating, without thinking, he answered. “Yes.” What else could he say?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Father, who is it?” His breath quickened. A girlish intonation, but also a woman&#8217;s full and confident voice. His hand rose automatically to touch the small bottle of perfume inside his jacket. He searched for her but saw only a painting of a ship caught between two gigantic white-topped waves.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I have something for her,” The ace said, bringing out the small glass flask of perfume. He imagined Anna&#8217;s red-face, her bright eyes looking up at him expectantly, her golden-brown hair swept back to reveal her honest forehead, her skirt lifting above her knees, the sound of her stockings sifting as she came to greet him.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The old man exhaled.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Look, when my daughter chased you around, she was only twelve and didn’t know any better. Back then I didn’t mind. Besides, back then you held out promise.” The man tried to close the door but the ace didn’t let him. “My daughter is not available,” he said. “She didn’t return from boarding school so she could end up with a man who drinks all night long. She’s not meant for an ace, let alone the ace of Tambouria.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The bottle slipped from the ace’s fingers and landed on his foot. He stared at it and wondered how it got there. The father bent down to get it and when he straightened up, pressed it gently back into the ace’s hand.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Look, no harm meant,” the father added, “it&#8217;s just that my daughter is special to me.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Zero plus zero makes zero,” The ace managed to say without shouting and then with a tremendous effort turned away sharply before Anna&#8217;s father had a chance to say anything more.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He stood in the street and looked up at the door which now seemed shut forever. He heard a loud crack, a sound loud as a gunshot. Shards of wet glass glittered next to his shoes. He&#8217;d hurled the bottle of perfume against the asphalt. The Leotsakou boys ran around him like excited puppies and pointed to the broken glass. One of them bent down to examine the broken bottle and the ace slapped his head. “Eh, get lost!” They ran off, one of them holding a large piece of the bottle in the air, a trophy.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He tramped into the run-down sections of Tambouria. The walls were still pocked from bullets from the Civil War. From somewhere nearby came muffled laughter and the austere notes of a bouzouki. He picked up his pace and reached the steps to the basement entrance, which was guarded by a knee-high gate. When he bent to walk down he recalled Anna&#8217;s father stooping for the perfume, he recalled the man&#8217;s neat polished shoes. He lifted his head and spat.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Through the low window the ace saw Maki and Kyr-Vassili at their usual table, their faces bright from drink. Already he felt better. Down the narrow stone steps he went. A pack of grizzled faces lifted their heads when he entered and nodded their heads. Cardsharps, gamblers, hashish smokers, singers, a few working aces like himself, they were all here. In one corner a large man exhaled two tusks of white smoke from his nostrils. Home at last.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Eh, what&#8217;s the matter with you,” Kyr-Vassili said when he saw him come in. “You look different tonight. Pssst! Are you listening?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“What&#8217;s the matter with me?” The ace sat down with them. “What&#8217;s the matter with you? When&#8217;s the last time any of you bums tasted fresh fruit? I mean real fresh?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Dried fig&#8217;s what I&#8217;ve been tasting.” Captain Yanni said. “Dried up old fig. Can&#8217;t afford anything else.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Better a dried fig than a Peloponnesian cucumber,” said Kyr-Vassili.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I don&#8217;t like cucumber,” Captain Yanni said, “bitter stuff.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Maki loves cucumber,” Kyr-Vassili said and stared at a dirty-blonde haired youth. “I&#8217;ve seen him coming out of Achillia&#8217;s.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I heard that Achillia keeps butterfly wings in matchboxes,” Captain Yanni said.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yeah, and feathers above his doorway,” Kyr-Vassili added, raising his elbows and clucking like a chicken.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Captain Yanni sang, “<em>Fag loves a fag, slut loves a slut, but Maki the stag will hunt any butt</em>.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The ace put money on the table and the waiter brought another bottle.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I knocked on a proper woman&#8217;s door tonight,” he said after downing his third glass. “When the door opened and the father saw me, dressed in my good shirt,” he paused and poured another retsina, “he thought I&#8217;d come to ask him for her hand! Just because an ace knows how to dress they imagine all kinds of things. Me! Asking for a life sentence! Me, asking for a life of sweet talk, dinners with relatives, walks in the park, children&#8230; All I want is a good woman, the kind that shoot craps and fry their fish in garlic and beet sauce, the kind that won’t care if I curse.” They all shook their heads in sympathy. “The father was lucky he wasn&#8217;t any younger. I&#8217;d have ground his cheek against the asphalt and shown him an ant&#8217;s perspective of Psarron street.” The ace wiped his neck and sniffed his palm. The scent of perfume lingered there.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“An ace never votes for tyranny,” the Captain said.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“To the democracy of bachelors.” Kyr-Vassili lifted his glass.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“To Andreas,” Captain Yanni said. “May he never join the respectable classes.” They raised their glasses.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The ace drew some bills from his wallet, licked them, and with a light slap placed them on the foreheads of each of the musicians &#8212; a squat accordionist and a gaunt bouzouki player, who nodded their heads in thanks. The ace then stood in front of them, and head down, as if looking at the floor, arms extended, hunching low, began to dance. He gained speed, spun and filled the room with his body. He grabbed a glass, put it on the floor, sank to his knees, clenched the glass between his teeth, lifted his head back, emptied the contents into his mouth, and then flung the empty glass away with a toss of his head. The glass tumbled through the air, bounced off someone&#8217;s shoulder and landed on the floor without breaking. He grabbed another glass and threw it directly onto the floor. This one shattered instantly and shards ricocheted through the room, hitting the musicians&#8217; feet. Satisfied, he sat down, ordered more wine and a replacement for the glasses while the boy swept away the damage.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The ace closed his eyes and listened to the man singing. The man had a voice that could bring an ache into every man’s heart. Rather than leave the ace in his solitude, Kyr-Vassili, started saying something about women and bachelorhood.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I’ve had enough of all of you!” With a single swipe of his hand the ace cleared the table of its contents &#8212; bottles, glasses, plates, olives, toothpicks – and sent the whole thing to the floor. A man g stopped dancing. The ace glared at him. “C&#8217;mon,” he said, fists up, head erect, “you dance like a woman!” The man, dressed in a poor, shabby suit, shrugged, looked the other way and sat down.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The boy swept up the damage, like he did every night for men who got into these moods. The ace stood a while longer, grabbed a bottle from a passing tray, excused himself and left. He swayed so much climbing up the basement steps that he held onto the railing so he didn’t tumble.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Outside he slapped himself. There was no sting. He checked his pocketbook just in case he&#8217;d miscalculated and recounted the money he&#8217;d spent: musician&#8217;s foreheads, bottles of wine, perfume, and the new shirt he was wearing. Like all men leaving the bouzouki house, he was broke. Not even two hundred drachmas for Aphrodite or Brigitte, in whose wallowing embrace he would find some comfort.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In front of the Church of Aghia Triada he crossed himself, kissed his fingers and sat in the middle of the square to finish the bottle. Swishing the retsina around his mouth he finally let the liquid slide down his throat and leaned over to bring the cuff of his pants as close as he could to his nose, inhaling the smell of perfume that had spilled there. Wasn’t all of Tambouria animated by Anna&#8217;s spirit? These streets, this very square in which he now sat were hers. She too had grown up here. He never paid attention to her when she was just a knobby-kneed, hair-chewing girl with a crush on a slightly older man, never noticed her when she brought him a basketful of fruits and vegetables from her village each Sunday afternoon. A woman of her purity could possess all of Tambouria. Own it. He got to his feet and held the retsina bottle up.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I, the ace of Tambouria,” he shouted, “now cede to you, Anna, all my rights!” He took a swig. “Do you here me out there? Anna, for you! All this!” He spread his arms. “From the church of Aghia Triada to the port of Pireas, from the Koffinas Brothers to the Arkadia Theater, this is now your domain!”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">A window flew open. “Shut the hell up down there! Some of us have to work, you know!”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yeah?” the ace shouted back. “I’m at work right now!” He made the sign of the cross. “I christen you Anna, Queen of Tambouria,” he said, sprinkling the rest of the retsina in the air like a priest with his censer blessing his flock. Maybe she would be willing to share, fifty-fifty. He, the night-bound roamer and she, the daytime pearl. He sat down again.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Ah, what he would give for a woman, just a single a glance at one, his eyes fastening on her legs, the swell of breast, the shake of her head when she realized he was staring, the quickening of her steps, the huffy denial when he murmured something dirty. He cradled the empty bottle and rocked back and forth.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Finally he stood and headed up Macedonia Boulevard. Next to the California movie theater he came across a poster of Aliki Vouyouklaki like the one he’d seen this morning. “Anna,” he said “Anna.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Bits of poster still clenched in his fists, he tumbled from wall to wall and continued to wander through a maze of narrow and dirty streets. Here the houses were so old that the balconies leaned downwards ready to collapse. There would be no Anna for him. Those were ridiculous dreams not brought on by him but by that strange ache that haunted him when he drank.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">It was three in the morning when he knocked on Achillia&#8217;s door. The ace imagined Achillia bent over the back of a chair, pants around his ankles and hands curled around the chair&#8217;s feet, shouting and swearing as the ace took him with the force of a piston. He knocked again and heard the shuffle of slippers across the floor. He drew in his breath and waited for the door to open.</span></p></blockquote>
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		<title>Ramfos sings</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=77</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=77#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Dec 2009 08:05:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Short Stories]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=77</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 

Nobody knew much about his past, except that he’d been on the losing side of the civil war. Something of his good looks still remained, but now they were haunted by a pale unhealthy skin, thin sallow cheeks and eyes that glared out from beneath a deep forehead. Those first days after his release [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"> </span></p>
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<h1><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: small;">Nobody knew much about his past, except that he’d been on the losing side of the civil war. Something of his good looks still remained, but now they were haunted by a pale unhealthy skin, thin sallow cheeks and eyes that glared out from beneath a deep forehead. Those first days after his release from prison, Ramfos slept on a wooden bench in the port of Piraeus, beneath an old palm tree with thick scales of bark. One morning he was so hungry he tore off one of the scales and tried to eat it, like it was a sandwich. He spit it out and for the rest of the day his stomach ached. That night he scared away some cats and took from them two half-eaten fish heads. An old man named Kollias who had fought the Germans in both wars sat him down in the kitchen of his tavern and let him eat all he wanted. “The war’s over, even the Civil War,” Kollias said to the other men, who kept their gaze away from him Ramfos in case the police came by later to ask questions.</span></h1>
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<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Dressed in gray pants and a long-sleeve white shirt given to him by the prison priest, Ramfos took up residence in an empty lot located two blocks away from Kollias, at the intersection of Psarron and Macedonia Street. From bits of newspaper, chicken wire, cardboard and mud from the earth itself, he built a small hut. A large slice of corrugated aluminum from Kollias’ cousin served as a roof. For company he befriended two of the cats whose food he had stolen.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">For gainful employment he helped the fishermen collect their nets early in the morning while the sun glinted off the sea. In return he received half a kilo of fish, which he cooked in Kollias’ kitchen. He soon became a native, like Mitsaftis the Lawyer who roamed the corridors of prisons and courts to pick up business, Pipi the Rebel, a ship’s captain with a university degree who served time for smuggling cigarettes and who now shined shoes for a living, and Paranga who lived inside an old boat at the edge of the port and collected bottle caps for a small company that would melt them down and turn them into knick-knacks. His nickname: Ramfos the Gimp – because of his pronounced limp.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">While collecting nets or frying fish or sweeping up the dirt from inside his shack, he sometimes emitted a long low sound that arose from the vicinity of his chest, more like a glow of sound than a sound itself. For Ramfos the Gimp was once Ramfos the golden-tongue. His crystalline voice had given heart to dozens of men, a voice that rose above the clash of sabres, rifleshots, and men’s cries. For the bloody Easter of 1948 he sang mass for hundreds of bearded men who kneeled and crossed themselves in front of him in dignified respect. A partisan told Ramfos that one day people will gather in the Red Square to hear him sing.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Near the end, with defeat closing around them like rushing waters, partisans fled the borders in thousands but Ramfos stayed behind. Alone in the hills of Northern Greece, living off berries and nuts he’d learned to collect next to his bearded leader, he sang for Varvara, a legendary woman who, it was said, once led hundreds of poor Russians against the Germans. She wore brown boots, a long dark skirt, a military shirt and a red bandanna across her forehead. Ramfos was finally brought in by the gendarmerie. His next few years were a fog of beatings. He stopped talking to the criminals who smoked and the political prisoners who watched each other to see who would betray whom, but he did speak to his Varvara. There were mornings when the sun woke him and then she seemed to be living in his very cell. When he stood and stretched he knew she was watching him and when he paced about she was hovering at his shoulder and when the jailers beat his feet and head, she caressed his forehead and made his sleep in spite of the grinding pain that shook his body.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In one of those coincidences that fate likes to hold out for us to prove she’s still around in the twentieth century, it so happened that a year after Ramfos made his little hut in the empty lot, made his little life on the docks of Piraeus and avoided trouble at the precinct, the Kalafati family from Hydra moved into the building across from him. There were two daughters, one of whom was called Varvara.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">She wore short dresses, chewed gum, and, by watching through the cracks inside his shack, he knew she had many gentleman callers. Dressed in a blue apron, she would leave in the morning at six-thirty for the Papastratos Cigarette factory and return at five, usually with a shopping bag or a Romantzo magazine under her arm. At night her voice carried across to his empty lot and he would lie down on the stone and rubble next to the half-crumbling wall and listen even as the stars filled the sky of Piraeus.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Now that he had discovered a living Varvara, he began to sing again, but not with his voice. The prison punishments had made this impossible – the wet rags of urine stuffed down his throat, the direct punches to his larynx (they knew he was a singer) and the burning cigarette butts they made him swallow to burn the throat on the way to the stomach. But the song appeared in many forms nevertheless: in the strong arch of his body when he extended his arm to the gulls that raced down to pick the scraps of fish from between his fingers; in the lessening of his limp, in the way he lingered in the tavern kitchen after dinner just to listen to the clink and clash of cutlery and the laughter of other men; in the simple fact that he suddenly discovered an ancient invention: the mirror, an invention which revealed a younger-looking man than he had ever seen before, a man in serious need of a haircut and a shave.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He discovered yet another invention: cologne, which he purchased for two and half drachmas from Stavros Mouslopoulos’s <em>aromato-poieon.</em> This he slapped on his face and neck whenever he had the opportunity to walk past Varvara’s home, which was often, just in case the winds and the gods sent his scent in her direction and made her think of him or at least made her wonder who was wearing such a sharp aroma.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">But though he could do something about his appearance, there wasn’t much to hide the fact that he lived in an empty lot inside a dismal shack. He saw the hut through Varvara’s eyes &#8212; the dirty cement blocks for chairs, the cardboard box for a table, the smell of iodine that wafted in from outside, the two cats that slept next to the pail of water, the earthen floor with two ant mounds he had to dig at regularly to root out. Only a torn picture of his dead parents in their village made the hut anything more than a particular configuration of mud, wood, and cardboard. No, Varvara would never accept a man who lived in a place like this.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">But the heart rarely listens to such logic, especially the heart of Ramfos who once sang from the mountaintops of Epirus and Thessaly to fighting men, who dreamed of the Varvara of his songs for six years in his cell.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Sunday mornings in church were the only time he got to see Varvara. He had bought himself a clean black suit and a tie and he would sit a few rows behind the Kalafati family, unable to take his eyes off Varvara. On Sundays she dressed in white, with white stockings, high-heeled shoes, and had her hair done up in a bun with a butterfly clip. Once he got close enough to see a stray wisp of hair curling around her ear lobe and shape of her ear, like a seashell.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">From the cracks inside his shack Ramfos saw and heard many things: Varvara carrying groceries, Varvara’s laughter exploding in the night, Varvara reading the magazines Sunday afternoon on the porch, Varvara telling her brother to stop drinking, Varvara gossiping with her sister. His whole life became Varvara, as it had been for the last six years. And when the daily hum of work settled down and only the occasional hoot of a ship arriving from a distant port unsettled the night, he would stare at the stars through the holes in the shack.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">One spring day when he had returned from tarring the trolley tracks in Paraskevaidou Square and was washing his head with a pail of water, he saw Varvara hanging out the wash. Her skirt lifted as she clipped T-shirts, pants, and underwear to the line. She took an extraordinarily long time to hang up the clothes and what, was she whistling a tune or just chewing gum? Before entering the house she stood at the top of the stairs, tossed her hair and looked over in his direction. The sun was behind her and he couldn’t be sure but he thought she smiled at him before she disappeared inside.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">From that moment on Ramfos didn&#8217;t know what he was doing. His head hurt where they had clubbed him, his vision faded like when the pain was too great, but instead of going limp like inside the blank walls of the sixth precinct, he felt strong and determined.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Suddenly he plucked daisies from his land, and next thing he knew he was crossing Psarron Street, bouquet in hand. His speed caused his limp to vanish, so great was his forward momentum. Without a knock he pushed open the door. She sat alone in the kitchen, wearing a summery yellow dress. He handed her the flowers, went down on his knees, grabbed her hand, and pressed it to his mouth. It smelled of soap and made Ramfos dizzy. He swayed on his knees.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">She didn’t pull her hand away but let his strangely warm lips press against her skin.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I was once a communist,” Ramfos said, still on his knees, holding her hand with both of his, “but I was never a thief. I have no house and I live on the piece of land you see each morning.” He looked up at her. Her eyes fluttered, her face blushed, and she pulled her hand away. “I will love you until I die,” he added. He was surprised at how easily he had spoken, that the slight lisp (two of his teeth were missing) didn&#8217;t show, that his Greek was correct, and that his voice was loud and forceful.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“You have such a strange voice,” were the first words she spoke. “I hadn’t realized…”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yes, yes,” Ramfos replied, “but do you love me?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Do I love you?” She brought her hand to her face to hide a smile. “How can I?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“You’re Varvara, that’s why, and Varvara loves me.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Look I know you were hurt in prison…I’m sorry, I&#8230;”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Ramfos was still on his knees and with some considerable pain got to his feet. “Will you go for a walk with me this Sunday?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“A walk?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yes, a promenade, so the men can see you’re mine, so all of Piraeus can know the news, that Varvara and Ramfos are soon to be joined in eternal union.” Beneath his brow Varvara could see the blaze of a man, though a quick glance at the rest of him seemed to argue against that.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I’m so sorry,” Varvara said, looking into his eyes with what seemed to him honest sadness. “I can’t.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Because of my limp? Because of my poor home?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“No,” she said quickly, touching his forehead with her hand, “because I’m already spoken for.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Of course! Of course! All those gentlemen callers, surely I should have thought one of them would get lucky.” He slapped his forehead and stood, bumping into the small black boudoir in the living room. “But it wasn’t me that came over here, it was the song, the song you know.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“The song?” Varvara seemed perfectly calm, as if men came into her life like this every day.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“The song of Varvara.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Sing it for me.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I can’t. It’s a silly song really, it’s about a different Varvara, I’m sorry for bothering you. And besides, I haven’t sung in ten years. They wouldn’t let me you know.”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Who wouldn’t. Oh, you mean the prison…”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“Yes, the prison, the prison, the prison!”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He walked backwards, his limp worse than usual. He nearly fell and for support he grabbed at the rug hanging from the wall, pulling it off the wall.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“What <em>are</em> you doing, you strange strange man?”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">“I’m sorry,” he said and stepped on what felt like bread crumbs. He barely made it out the front door because now his limp really got in the way. He crossed the street without looking back, sensing her eyes on him and he hobbled in a horribly painful way, his body and his leg and his head bobbling up and down this way and that, and he imagined he looked like a small boat in a tempest, that’s what he was, no better than a small boat in a storm with waves crashing in on all sides and smothering him and suffocating him and how he wanted to be inside his hut and bury his face on a bed, if he had one.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">He ducked his frame inside his low shack, sat awkwardly on the cinder blocks, his bad leg straight out – which throbbed around the bullet wound, pulsed with jagged sheering jolts of pain &#8212; and held his head. The flesh of his feet were crawlingly alive &#8212; where they had once beaten him with sand-filled socks &#8212; and his stomach heaved. He grasped the small cross hanging from his neck, the one his mother had given him before he went into the mountains to fight the Germans.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">So that’s what she thought of him, a strange strange man. But she had touched his forehead, hadn’t she? Ramfos squeezed one of the cats hard. Was she really spoken for? Why hadn’t he heard? Surely Mouslopoulos or Kollias would have known. But had he asked them?</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">A loud wail caused him to jump. The cat had raced out of the shack, but it wasn’t the cat that had made the sound. It was not a song but a cry, and the wail continued even as he walked, bent, around the shack. It was his own voice.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">With every note the throbbing drained from his head, his stiff leg relaxed and the pain on his feet faded. He brought his hand to his mouth, embarrassed that Varvara would hear such a strange howling, but after a struggle he gave up and let his voice and the songs of the Partisans spread through his chest, pulsate through his limbs, rise up through his mouth like a balm. Let the policemen arrest him, he couldn&#8217;t stop singing, not now.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When Ramfos left, Varvara washed her hand with a thick loaf of green soap, and then, hovering over the mist from a boiling pot of lentil beans, she grew impatient for Ioulia and Andreas to return so she could tell them that the crazy Ramfos from across the way had proposed to her. She recalled his limp, the stutter when he spoke, his painful “I-I-I,” the slobbery kiss on her hand, the way he could barely stand after kneeling because of the leg, his terrible crashing sound when he fell inside the living room and felt insulted that such a clumsy, inexpert man had the gall to consider himself her equal, that he had the audacity to propose to her when so many other men waited for months and months before getting to that point. Still, she thought, there was something about that sallow face and those haunting eyes.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When Varvara heard the wailing voice, at first she thought that some passing car was playing the radio very loud, or that a fire-fighting ship had raced into the port of Piraeus to douse a ship&#8217;s flames. She was excited that two things might happen on the very same day. But the sound persisted and seemed so close that she looked outside her window. Ramfos was sitting on the sidewalk, his mouth open. His full powerful tenor penetrated the walls, flung open the cheap shutters, made the windows shiver, the silverware shake and the glass quiver.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Pipi the shoe-polisher stopped his shouts of “shoe shine!” and plopped his wooden board next to Ramfos. The two Kafasi brothers stopped their hammering and lifted their heads to listen, then raced over. Mister Vanakou and his three sons, all of whom had fought in the mountains and now worked long hours as construction workers, rushed over and listened with bright eyes. Maria Arvaniti looked both ways before leaving her house. A partisan from the mountains whose husband had been killed by the rightists and whose son had been born in the mountains during the Civil War, Maria covered her boy&#8217;s ears. She didn&#8217;t want him to hear such  songs, nor to learn about the Civil War. But soon she was overcome, her hands slipped from her son&#8217;s ears, and, in a trance, she walked outside and plunked herself down next to Ramfos, who continued to sing.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Simeon the Armenian came (he sold threads, chocolates, combs, kites and toys) and told his wife to shut the shop for the day because someone was singing about Armenia, his lost country. Stavraki Mouslopoulos locked his aroma store and when he arrived he wondered if a voice like that could be put into a bottle and sold as perfume; Vouyouka handed out fresh bread and the Kafasi brothers supplied chairs for the older ones who wanted to sit. Tsimbirlis who, after twenty years on the ships and the Oceans of the World had opened up a bird store, ran so fast in the direction of the wailing voice that he left the cages unlocked and the birds all escaped, except for the flamingo, two white pelicans, and Boufo the Eagle Owl. (Still, years later, a mynah bird or a sparrow hawk would appear on balconies or clotheslines and then people would remember Ramfos and his songs.) Even Dimitri the policeman, Varvara&#8217;s brother-in-law, knew why there had been a war against fellows like this one.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Ramfos stood for hours, until the sun began to set. In his rough callused fingers he held bits of yellow netting and tugged and tore at its hexagonal formations.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">When Varvara appeared – followed closely by Ioulia her sister and Andreas her brother, Ramfos’ voice grew louder and more melodious, as if his chest were about to burst. Some policemen wandered through the crowd, muttered something, but soon they too were listening. It grew dark and still Ramfos sang. Ioulia wondered that the stars were unembarrassed to show themselves at night when here was something as beautiful as Ramfos songs. Andreas, Varvara&#8217;s brother, wondered that a man could be so unafraid to sing, unafraid to love.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">For Varvara each note, each soft melody, each deep reverberation in her chest shook her. She was proud that the whole neighborhood knew he was singing his love for her. She regretted ever having promised herself to that other man but Ioulia told her not to be too sad because if she hadn&#8217;t promised herself to someone else they would never had had this voice.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Ramfos disappeared from the neighborhood for a week. When he appeared again his face was even thinner than before and his ribs seemed to poke through his worn white shirt, the gift from the prison priest. His hair was up in spikes and his eyes were dark from sleeplessness. But the ache inside him was still there. At work he recalled when he had sung mass for the partisans and “Yes sir, that boy is a hero, a blessed one,” and the other men clapping him on his head or touching his cheeks before going off to battle at a quick gallop and rubbing their good luck tokens on his hand, his body, his legs, trying to rub some of his good luck and take it with them and maybe they took it all away.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">But like the small weeds that spring through the cracks in cement or the way even the most barren ground slowly grows over, first with small fauna and then wild grass, and poppies and fields of daisies and then a bush or a tree, so did the memory of Varvara across the street get covered up with the layers of new memories, except that whenever he had enough money to pay for a girl, he would ask them to wash their bodies with that thick olive soap that Varvara had washed her hands with that day he’d pressed it to his lips. You know which soap, the green bars that cost less than a drachma and are sold by the kilo at Mouslopoulos.</span></p></blockquote>
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		<title>A week on Zakynthos</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=72</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Dec 2009 07:57:18 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Essays]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=72</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 

A week on Zakynthos

The night I arrived on the island of Zakynthos for Easter the Hale-Bopp comet was still visible, racing rapidly away from earth. Just the day before, I was told, great winds had carried sands from Northern Africa to Greece and the particles lent the nightsky an eerie yellow glow.
I stayed in [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"> </span></p>
<blockquote>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">A week on Zakynthos</span></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The night I arrived on the island of Zakynthos for Easter the Hale-Bopp comet was still visible, racing rapidly away from earth. Just the day before, I was told, great winds had carried sands from Northern Africa to Greece and the particles lent the nightsky an eerie yellow glow.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I stayed in the small mountain village of <em>Aghious Pantes </em>(All-Saints) about twenty kilometres inland. My hosts were farmers, an extended family complete with grandparents, parents and four children, aged three to twelve. The first morning (and every morning after that) I was woken by the rough cackle of cloistered chickens, the barking of hunting dogs and the occasional rifle shot. On this island of national poets, famous playwrights and heroic revolutionaries, Easter and hunting season had arrived at the same time.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The valley below the village was a palette of greens – the silver green of olive, the harsh green of cypress and the yellowy-green of weeping willow. The bountiful rains had given life to countless wildflowers and countless colors: daisies, bugles and all sorts of bristling thistles bent to the winds like god was blessing them.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The natural world seemed even more magical because of grandmother Aphroditi’s food. Her brick-oven saturated all meals with a wonderful burnt-wood flavour and at night when the stars joined our company, we sipped glass after glass of home-made retsina.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">The youngest child, Marinos, quizzed all visiting relatives about their precise location in the family tree. Only once he knew that so-and-so was a third cousin twice removed or that this visitor was the second daughter of an aunt’s husband’s brother, then and then alone were we adults free to go one with our discussion.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;"> Marinos called me <em>Nikolaki</em> as if he were the grown-up and I were the child. Once he had figured out my geneological chart (all grandparents gone, one parent surviving), he examined my head with care and wondered why, since my temples were greying, I wasn’t already dead. His grandfather &#8212; whose head was completely white &#8212; would live only if his hair turned black again.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">For a few hundred drachmas I bought four blocks of <em>fitoura </em>&#8211; seminola fried in oil and sprinkled with sugar and cinnamon, something like fritters in the American south. In return for this meagre gift each child recited a poem for me – Aphroditi recited Solomos, Adamantini recited Kalvos, Marinos recited a poem that began “I’m a Greek,” and Ioannis, the eldest, sang the victory song for the Olympiakos basketball team.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">We visited the family’s orange grove down in the valley. Using a long bamboo stick we sent the oranges to the ground and soon were wiping the blood-red juice from our hands and chins with blades of grass.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">In the afternoon we drove a small tractor through the vineyards and tried our hand at clearing the grass with a scythe. The wild grass had grown unnaturally high from the unnatural rains and the piles of slack blades quickly reached our waists.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">We came upon the remains of a mansion built back when Zakynthos had its counts, nobles, and serfs, all the accoutrements of the Italian state to which it had once belonged. The wall was of a faded clay colour. A window hung slovenly from rusted hinges and weeds pushed through cracks in the mortar. We collected giant lilies and purple-red vetches (awful name that, for such a lovely wildflower) and the girls made them into bouquets. Marinos made sure I didn’t step in any of the squat lumps of cow manure hidden inside the tall grass. The children ignored a sudden flight of ducks the way we ignore traffic. Back on the asphalt, scattered buckshot crunched beneath our feet.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">While the two girls played patty-cake, Ioannis, Marinos’ twelve year old brother, listed some Zakynthean nicknames for me: <em>Paparas</em>, (oil-soaked bread), <em>Katsikolos</em> (goat-buttocks),<em>Tzitzikas</em> (cicada), <em>Kontorasis</em> (short-sighted), <em>Klanieras</em> (farter), <em>Kapros</em> (boar), and <em>Memes</em> (tits). On an island where over five hundred people might share the same surname, nicknames are the only way to avoid confusion. My host family’s nickname was <em>Koloneos</em>, taken from the name of the Italian gold coins which they had once owned in abundance.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Easter Friday the Bishop of Zakynthos blessed the four points of the horizon – a ceremony known as “Blessing the Universe.” That night we attended mass in the church of Aghious Pantes. A small wooden figure of Christ lay beneath glass, garlanded by lilies, and a vocally challenged choir boy outdid himself in the number of off-key notes he could belt out per hymnal.</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">Easter Sunday Marinos asked me if, when I died, I would wait for him at the “entrance.” He asked me why my father died last year. Was his hair grey? Had he lost his voice? When his grandfather thundered, “Marinos, enough!” Marinos clapped his hands and shouted: “Enough already, enough! No more talk of white hair and people who aren’t at the table!”</span></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: small;">I left Zakynthos aboard the <em>Ionis</em>, carrying a jug of wine, four kilos of baby goat and a branch of rosemary to cook it with. It was twilight, the best time to see the comet, and I searched the skies for traces of its tail. Only with the help of the captain’s binoculars did the comet become visible, but just barely. As the mountains of Zakynthos grew darker and more distant, I sensed that a certain way of living was also fading fast.</span></p></blockquote>
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		<title>Census day in Greece</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=70</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=70#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Nov 2009 07:52:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Census in Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cultural Identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Culture in Greece]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=70</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
Census Day in Greece
Sunday, March 18, 2001
 
Nick Papandreou
 
1
Today is the decennial census. At my living room table, below the picture of Melina Mercouri, sits the census-taker. He is a young man, tired, sleepy, perhaps uncertain why he and thousands of others took on the task. “Didn’t want to start too early,” he [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Census Day in Greece</span></em></span></p>
<h1 style="font-size: 18pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-right: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Sunday, March 18, 2001</span></em></span></h1>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Nick Papandreou</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">1</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Today is the decennial census. At my living room table, below the picture of Melina Mercouri, sits the census-taker. He is a young man, tired, sleepy, perhaps uncertain why he and thousands of others took on the task. “Didn’t want to start too early,” he told me when I asked if he would finish his allotment before the sun went down. “Otherwise everybody would throw lemon rinds at us.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">I informed him of the facts: born in America, moved to Greece in 1994 to write and, (check two reasons) to re-join my family. No, I am no longer a Greek abroad, a </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">homogene</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">, as they are called. Size of my apartment – 140 square meters, five rooms in all, including WC. Level of educational attainment, job, et cetera.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My neighbor, Tasos Bouras, lives in a two-room shack in the back yard, under the fig tree and grape vine. He told the census-taker to write, under Profession: </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Maker of Dreams</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">. On the outside wall of his shack he has hung a butterfly made from hundreds of painted eagle feathers. Tasos believes I will write my truly great work only once I’m sixty. It will take years to be rid of the habits of politics.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">2</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Today, the Greek government is inaugurating the supermodern Attica Highway. It’s nearly complete. What’s missing are the “off” and “on” ramps. Once you’re on the highway, you can’t get off except when you reach the airport. When it’s complete our bit of property in Corinth will be less than an hour away.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Corinth is a place never claimed by Turkey. It does not belong to any of the so-called “disputed” areas.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Sometimes I think that Greece actually needs Turkey. It’s a Cavafy sort of thing. Waiting for the Barbarian and all. Greece also needs the Single Currency. The Attica Highway. The census. Greece is populated by Greeks, so the Greeks will tell you. Who today is a Greek?</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A Greek is someone who is born in Greece.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A Greek is someone who speaks Greek, even if he is Albanian, Serbian, or Georgian.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A Greek is someone who is Greek orthodox and was born in Alexandria Egypt or Alexandria, Virginia.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Maybe even in Schenectady, New York, or Kensington, London.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Or in Yemen, Kenya, the Congo, Mozambique.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">To get to Corinth you have to drive by the shipyard town of Elefsina. Smoke stacks, cement factories, and hundreds and hundreds of ships make up this town. A homeless old man with a grizzled face named Pharmakis lived there. For a hat he wore his coat. You could find him in the parks, hanging around sites under construction, or along the shore, searching for ancient stones. When he found them, he would dust them with a small brush. The smaller pieces he carted to the museum yard. He is the keeper of the stones. When archeological sites were covered up by cement, he wore a black armband for weeks.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">When he died, the few locals who attended his funeral called him “a true Greek.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">3</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A friend of mine was buried this very morning, on census day. His epitaph says: “Here lies Andonis Tzoanakis, a man who believed in the Dream, a socialist, a true Greek.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Today, I received the following news-flash from the Greek-American lobby, over the internet:</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 51.1pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Come celebrate Greek Independence Day with all of your friends at DCs largest nightclub venue “The Spot.”  Straight from New York, The MYLOS ALL-STAR BAND, will provide you with the best live Greek music all night long.  Also featuring the sounds of NY legendary Greek D.J. SAVAS (Radio Seismos, World-NY) for a night of the best music from Greece! BALTIMORE GREEKS, busses will be leaving from Michaels Steak and Lobster House, to The Spot, 932 F Street, NW Washington DC. </span></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">I was once an honorary Baltimore Greek, since I used to live next door, in Washington, DC, where I worked at the World Bank. Lambis Platsis, a round-faced, happy computer scientist ran a restaurant called “Towson Pizza.” I was best man at his marriage. He decided to use his “American training” for the socialist cause. He is now head of informatics for the municipality of the island of Rhodes, serving the digital needs of the island citizenry.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">His brother never claimed he was a socialist. He opened up a store in the heart of Rhodes called AMERICAN DONUTS. When NATO bombed Serbia, someone tore down the sign and broke the windows. “I’m a Greek-American,” he told me over donuts and coffee, when I visited Rhodes to take part in a Greek-Turkish women’s meeting my mother had organized. “I don’t believe in politics. But here you are.” He pointed to the broken sign.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">4</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My brother’s political star is rising. He is Greek Minister of Foreign Affairs. His detractors accuse him of being an American, unable to understand history. He was born in the States. One good thing, they admit, is that he speaks </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">their</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> language.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">During the war in the Balkans, his advisor, who was born in Tanzania, (now married to a girl from Oxford, Mississippi), coordinated the Greek war relief effort.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">I remember how with Andonis we raced around Athens at night, the dark pressing against our car window, popping out to paste up political posters, before the socialist government came to power. I had met him when the dream was still raw, in 1974, when I was seventeen and eager. Back then Andonis wanted me to be a full-time citizen, meaning fully active in “the cause.” Instead, I drifted away. I took up observing and writing. I had failed him. I wasn’t going out to do battle any more. No more posters, no more clashes with the “organs of the state,” no more gatherings with villagers on mountainsides to discuss the transformation of society under the protection of thick-smelling pine. Then again, those meetings had ended a decade ago. Maybe it was the right time to be a writer, now the dream had expired.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">5</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My brother George went to Thrace for his census, in a show of solidarity with the Greeks living close to the war-torn Balkans. His advisor from Tanzania was unable to register. He had to be in Skopje, because of the attacks of the America-backed Albanian “freedom-fighters” along the borders of Kosovo.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A hundred thousand Muslims live in Thrace, next to Turkey. Some of them call Turkey their home. None of them want to live there, however. They will be asked the relevant questions when the census takers knock on their doors.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In Greece, we’re not supposed to call the small state around the city of Skopje by the name </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Macedonia</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">. That’s unpatriotic. Macedonia is Greek, the bumper-stickers say. So we call it Skopje or FYROM – as in </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">. If the country implodes under the weight of the Albanian population and the terrorist Albanian “freedom-fighters,” how will we refer to it? The </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Former</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> Former Republic of Macedonia?</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Nearly a million Albanians come and go across the border each year. At least five hundred thousand have taken up permanent residence in Athens, Corinth, Salonika, in mountain villages abandoned by Greeks during the last thirty years, in islands like Crete, Rhodes and Amorgos.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The census will tell us how many Greeks we are. It will be unable to measure the intensity of our Greekness.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">6</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Strands of Greek culture seem to be getting stronger even as globalization pushes deeper. Every day, on Piraeus Street, a few kilometers south of the Andreas Papandreou Foundation, (I am responsible for the audio-visual department which means I listen to speeches by my father, when the dream was being articulated) the large building named Kortsopon, which means </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">maiden</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> in the Pontian dialect, becomes a danceteria, hosting folk-bands from around Greece, usually from the North. A man named Zlatanis sometimes shows up to play brass instruments. He looks sad. He has a droopy mustache. The average age of those dancing is less than thirty. Those ages used to dance only to American music. Black continues to be the favorite color. Black, tight jeans, tight T-shirts. They dance in large sweeping circles, shaking their shoulders, kicking out their legs like they were from Ireland. Like they were auditioning for a spot with the Lord of Dance.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In the cultural battle against globalization, a Greek dance is far more effective than the most fiery speech, then the most impassioned argument.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">7</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The census will record the movement away from the countryside and into the cities. Like my friend Thanasis, who came to Athens from a village in Pyrgos. “What this country needs,” he tells me when I ride on his motorcycle, “is a revolution. Burn the Mercedes, BMWs, burn down all those new socialist villas.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">8</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Bulgarians entering Greece no longer require visas. Their socialism is nothing like what Andonis dreamt about.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">9</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Two friends of mine have started a land-mine removal company. They’re de-mining Bosnia-Herzegovina using unemployed former Serbian military men. They have been asked to de-mine the mountains of Grammos, where the last great battle of the Greek Civil War occurred, in 1949. They have been invited to Lebanon, and have asked me to come along. I love Lebanon. It’s almost Greek. It looks Greek.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">10</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Andonis carried a certain sadness about his person, though he seemed like the happiest person in the world. Being so close to the end, he said, really makes everything shine – the streets, this very tavern, the smell of grilled lamb. He reminded me of Dean Martin, with that twinkle in his eyes, a drink in his hand and an easy way about him. The taverna, in a working class district that had benefited greatly from the socialist government, was in the open. The air smelled of jasmine. The wine flowed – he drank most of it. He was fifteen years older than me, had spent most of his life on ships. He had just read my first book. I had come close to capturing “the dream”, he said, the dream of Greece, the dream he’d been searching for since he could remember. “Well, at least we managed to build a small part of that dream,” he said.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">11</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The census takers are ordered to stop at any building structure or site where people dwell. This includes the Gypsy tent camps.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Serb, Croat, and Muslim kids, mainly orphans, attend camps in Greece each summer, all costs paid for by the local municipalities. This is a socialist kind of thing to do.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The Kurdish refugees living in the port city of Lavrion have little choice. Their census will not be taken. They are considered transitory migrants, something like Monarch butterflies. “They are refugees, like my parents were,” Andonis said.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">12</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Tuesday I am going to a restaurant called </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Left-Right</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> with Nikos Sifounakis, Minister of the Aegean, next to the </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Multi-Culti</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">. The Minister is a tall, dark-faced man with sensuous lips and thick black hair. He was born in Rethymno, Crete. He studied Architecture in Venice.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">He has recently legislated power away from the traditional centers and passed it into the hands of “true architects,” the ones who still have the vision of a better Greece, the ones who wish to preserve the “architectural integrity” of the Aegean villages.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In his company I notice things. The paint beneath an old customs building in Nisiros. The design of the aviaries in Sifnos; the thickness of a wooden door.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">13</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">I don’t stare at Andonis’ face for long. I don’t want to notice things. Neither do I bend down to kiss him in his waxen repose. I prefer to remember him as I had last seen him, at the tavern, with a smile on his handsome tanned face, thick white hair, darting blue eyes, a glass of retsina in hand, his easy laugh. People leave his funeral rather quickly. They want to be at home when the census-taker knocks on their door, to provide solid proof of their existence.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">14</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The day after the beginning of the Millennium, I drove out past Sounion and gave a whole bunch of my clothes to the Kurds living in the port city of Lavrion. From the apartments they flew flags with the communist party emblem. There were also many pictures of Ocalan, the Kurdish PKK leader now in the jail in Turkey, the same jails that Trotsky once sat in decades ago. The Turks want to execute Ocalan. They also want to be part of the EC. They aren’t sure whether to go East or West.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The recently arrived Russian mafia drive mainly Mercedes. They live primarily in Glyfada. That’s where the Americans used to live when the Sixth Fleet was docked here.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">15</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Only small boats dock on the island of Tilos, which I visited with Nikos Sifounakis, the Minister of the Aegean. As an economist by training, and as an author unable to live off writing alone, I have been “tasked” to follow the deregulation of the Aegean seas. Come full-blown deregulation, small islands like Tilos and Nisiros, islands with little traffic, will not be profitable enough to merit stops en-route to larger islands. As if the Aegean winds weren’t enough to isolate them.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">On Tilos the Minister and I are rushed around the island by the mayor-doctor, a loose, thin man in his late forties with unkempt hair. He tests the hearts of all islanders once a year. He sends sonograms to heart specialists in Athens through the internet. Nobody has died of a heart attack since he came to the island seventeen years ago. Inspired by the socialist call for decentralization, he abandoned Athens in 1982 to “serve the forgotten and ignored.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">On a lush hill, next to an overgrown chestnut tree, the mayor pulls out handfuls of sage, rosemary, thyme, and something that smelled like cilantro. “This island is a living pharmacy. I have become something of a believer in alternative medicine.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Sifounakis takes pictures of illegally built structures, and will call out the dogs when he returns to Athens. Walking through the old part of town, he draws in his breath. He stares at the stone arch of an old entrance. “Beautiful,” he whispers, and passes his hand along the stone. “Look how they carved it.” I think he wants to kneel.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In Ethiopia my brother’s advisor from Tanzania, Alex, once saw a shipment of food, dropped from the air, squash about ten kids who wanted to get to it first. Hunger got the better of their judgment. Land-mines do the rest. Alex wants to send my de-mining friends to Ethiopia. “You wouldn’t believe how many kids are killed each day,” he tells me.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My nephew, still a kid, attended a camp for Palestinian and Israeli children called Seeds of Peace, in Maine. His father, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, wanted him to understand the world before he got into it. He is now learning Norwegian, because Norway, he says, is the closest to thing to Socialism in the living world. When my nephew says that, his eyes have that certain gleam, the same one that lit up Andonis’ when he spoke about the future.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Picking olives with me on our small plot of land in Corinth last November were five Greeks and three Albanians. When I saw one Albanian cross himself I asked him if he was Christian. “Yes,” he said, “and I am your brother. We are Greeks.” A Greek woman working the tree kept muttering under breath, “I hate Albanians. I hate Muslims. They should go back to Albania. They are pretending to be Greek. They don’t speak Greek, not really.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">16</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">As ship captain, Andonis traveled the world. In Shanghai, he dropped a pack of cigarettes onto a small wooden boat parked next to him. An old wizened fisherman picked up the pack, examined it, yelped, then burned the whole pack disdainfully in front of Andonis’s very eyes. To top it off, he wiped the spot where the box had landed – over and over – “to rid his deck of all foreign impurities,” according to Andonis.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My favorite subway stop in all of the world is the one at Thisio. It is an open air stop. When you emerge from the old train and look up, there it is: the Acropolis. Nothing but monument.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">It was at that very subway stop a few months ago that a man standing across the train rails called to me: “Niko! Niko!” I pretended not to hear him. For all I knew he could have been calling another person with my name. “No, you, yes you, you Niko! Niko Papandreou!” He was slightly older than me, dressed in work clothes, with dirty-blonde hair and the distinctive small face and narrow eyes of someone from the area of Northern Peloponnesus.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">“I’m from Patras,” he shouted, confirming my prejudice. “How old are you Niko? Forty-three right? You’re exactly forty-three, no?” I nodded, still not saying a word. “It’s time you enter politics. You’re father was forty-three when he entered politics too!” An old woman in black came up to me and brought a finger to her gray forehead. “You see,” she said, “you have no choice.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Greece is a country of fractals. Look at its jagged coast, its endless turns and curves. The closer you look, the more cragged it appears. Can the coast line be represented mathematically? What would be the mathematical equation expressing Greekness? An integral with an imaginary solution?</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Christie’s New York auctioned off a book by Archimedes for approximately $2 million. Rumor had it that Bill Gates bought it, besting the Greek government’s offer by $250,000, plus tax and commission.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Greece’s national poet, Dionysios Solomos, spoke Italian better than Greek. He paid someone to teach him a new Greek word each day.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Maria Callas, Aristotle Onassis. Vangelis.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Souvlaki, gyro, moussaka.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Holland took Greece to the European court. Feta cheese is a generic term, it claimed, hence not patentable. They don’t want Greece to be able to label its feta as “Greek” feta. Greece blew the legal arguments and lost. Thanks to the Dutch, you don’t know where your feta is from.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">When the Germans asked a Greek to lower the Greek flag over the Acropolis and raise the Swastika, he lowered the Greek flag as ordered, then wrapped himself in it and jumped off the Parthenon. He died in the stones below. So goes the national myth.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The restoration of the Acropolis is run by an architectural genius named Kores. He has made miniature models of the cranes, pulleys, and other construction machinery used by the ancients to build the Acropolis. His home looks like a Lego factory. Even today’s most sophisticated laser technology can’t slice marble as closely – to the thousandth – as did the ancients. When Kores took apart the ancient columns, the workers found graffiti carved into the faces of the marble drums. “Theocles was here.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My grandfather raised the flag over the Acropolis when the Germans left Greece. The son of a priest, he had a flair for aphorisms: “The people have deposed many a king, but never has a king deposed the people,” he used to say in the sixties, when he was doing battle against Constantine, the twenty-one year old monarch.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">When a Greek says “I am Greek,” and he is speaking to a foreigner, he means it with pride. If he’s speaking to one of his own, he uses it as an excuse.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In Greek the word Greek is </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Hellene</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Andonis and I watched a student leader named Gabriel on television that last night of ours together. Gabriel is the heart of a high school movement that momentarily threatened to take down the socialist government. His hair is long, his face is smooth, he has thick eyebrows and a certain nonchalance that makes him attractive. He keeps his hands folded in front of him and he speaks without too much excess motion, unlike so many others. He is protesting the introduction of multiple-choice testing in final exams. “Multiple-choice is a sign of the penetration of capitalist education. We are not automatons, built for the global work-place.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Many Greeks consider themselves poets. This might have to do with how easy it is to make words rhyme. Beginning poets send me their stuff with titles like “Lonely.” “Loneliness.” “Alone.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">When Caucescu visited my father in 1982, accepting an invitation on the part of the previous administration, he was confronted with a rare dilemma. Lying on the steps leading to my father’s home was Leon, a fifteen year-old mutt known mainly for his active laziness. He also had a skin rash and would bark loudly if touched. My father loved the dog to no end. His security people knew they were not to disturb the dog, under any circumstance.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">One of Caucescu’s bodyguards tried to kick the beast off the stairs. He was pinned back by four Greeks almost before he lifted his foot. An altercation ensued. The Greeks refused to move the dog. Caucescu, who had brought with him two ambulances, three doctors and two food-tasters, and who had booked two floors of the Grande Bretagne to make sure nobody else was nearby, was now forced to step over the dog. The dog was accorded more respect than he’d ever shown to his own countrymen. At lunch his son, Nicolai, rolled bread into little balls and flicked them at the Rumanian ambassador.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">On the way back from Tilos, a man in a shiny lame suit came up to me. “You’re Nikos, no? You’re the writer, no?” He put out his hand. “Please come see me! I have lots of stories for you!” He was a ship-captain being taken to court for the illegal transportation of Kurds from Turkey into the Greek islands.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In Porto Heli, a summer resort where my girlfriend’s from, the local women have formed an association to win their husbands back from the imported females that dance at the Babylon Club. “Women against Imports,” they had thought of calling it, until one of them pointed out that it sounded too much like an anti-globalization movement, and they weren’t against that, were they? Their association remained untitled. Titled or not, they have succeeded in getting a few husbands back.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A slave, recently freed, inspired by the Greek revolution, crossed the Atlantic in the 1820s to fight on the Greek side against the Turks. He ended up being a cook for a platoon of Greek revolutionaries. I can just imagine the Greeks waking to the smell of home-fries, chitlins and a song from the deep south. The cook and a few other of his compatriots who fought in Greece are honored with a memorial in Athens.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In an old village square on the island of Astipalaia, a local builder built an enormous memorial plaque during the dictatorship, but there are no names and there is no war memorialized because the builder had used the memorial as an excuse to filch government funds. The local administration is keeping it intact. At some point, they say, they will have a reason to add new names.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">A memorial waiting for a memory.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The Turks no longer refer to the ancient ruins as Greek ruins, but as belonging to the Ionian Civilization. They do not want to remind tourists of who was there first. There are some Albanians who want a decent chunk of Northern Greece. A few Slavo-Macedonians want a chunk of Thessaloniki.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">I fear the empty memorial plaque in Astypalaia will be put to use all too soon.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Over five hundred people attended Andonis’ funeral in the church of Nea Erithrea. Erithrea is the name of a Greek city in Asia Minor that was “vanished” after the exchange of populations in 1923. The Greeks who left Turkey for Greece and the Turks who left Greece for Turkey are all called “exchangeables.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The Turks have lots of battle experience – from fighting the Kurds. Lots of Turkish soldiers know what it is like to pull the trigger and kill. No Greek soldiers have that kind of knowledge. The first time in battle the Greeks will hesitate to pull the trigger. Maybe that’s a good thing.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">News-flash from the Greek-American lobby</span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">:</span></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 72pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">Again we expect the United States Senate to pass, for the 16</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><sup><span style="font-size: xx-small;">th</span></sup></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;"> year in row, a resolution commemorating March 25 as “Greek Independence Day &#8212; A National Celebration of Greek and American Democracy.” As he has in all previous years, </span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><strong><em><span style="font-size: small;">Senator Arlen Specter (R-PA)</span></em></strong></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;"> introduced this legislation in the U.S. Senate and is spearheading efforts for its adoption.</span></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">American-style self-help programs in Greece barely exist. Therapy is an insult to manhood. But a recent song by the great Parios has introduced a rather shocking idea that sounds rather like a twelve-step program:</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 66.25pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">I will be good to myself</span></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 66.25pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">and send myself a letter</span></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 66.25pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">telling myself “I Love You.”</span></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The Peloponnesus Beauty Fair was held not far from Corinth so, after that day of olive-picking, I decided to drop in. Andonis would have approved. He liked to look at beautiful women, and if the occasion arose, he would take advantage of whatever was offered him. He was a working-class socialist. He believed in the future, but he also believed in the present.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">In person I saw the slightly anorexic Miss Star. The sixteen year old Miss Young looked younger than her age. Miss Former Peloponnesus had long chestnut hair and thick legs. Miss Playmate 2001 didn’t show and the crowd booed at her absence. Miss Aegean, from the island of Kos, was the emcee for the afternoon. She looked like she’d just stepped out of the shimmering blue sea. Her hair glistened and her blue-white swim-suit was see-through, exposing large dark nipples. Kos! Kos! shouted the crowd.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Kemal Attaturk, Turkey’s hero, the father of their nation, was born in Greece. It is not enough to be born in Greece to be a Greek.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">I wish Andonis had made it to census day, had made in into this century, so I could see his Dean Martin smile once more, so we could sit at the tavern and inhale the jasmine. “Jasmine is the smell of socialism,” he once told me.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Constantine Cavafy was born in Alexandria, Egypt.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">My brother George, registered in Sapphes, Thrace.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Lambis Platsis in Rhodes.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Nikos Sifounakis on the island of Lemnos.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">Me, in Athens.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">The census, the first of the millennium, will tell us how many we are.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">It won’t tell us </span></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><em><span style="font-size: small;">who</span></em></span><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> we are.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;">That’s for us to figure out.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 36pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></p>
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		<title>Mikis and Manos: A Tale of Two Composers</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=47</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=47#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 22:11:54 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[
Mikis and Manos: A Tale of Two Composers.
Kerkyra pub, 2007, Greek and English in same book
With pictures, 123 pps.
This essay looks at the circuitous route of modern Greece through the intense on again off again rivalry between  Greece’s two top composers (Mikis Theodorakis of Zorba fame and Manos Hadjidakis of Never on Sunday fame), [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/2007-Mikis-and-Manos-Greek-and-English-Essay-2-Nick-Papandreou.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-48" title="2007 Mikis and Manos (Greek and English), Essay 2, Nick Papandreou" src="http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/2007-Mikis-and-Manos-Greek-and-English-Essay-2-Nick-Papandreou-201x300.jpg" alt="2007 Mikis and Manos (Greek and English), Essay 2, Nick Papandreou" width="201" height="300" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Mikis and Manos: A Tale of Two Composers.</strong><br />
Kerkyra pub, 2007, Greek and English in same book<br />
With pictures, 123 pps.</p>
<p>This essay looks at the circuitous route of modern Greece through the intense on again off again rivalry between  Greece’s two top composers (Mikis Theodorakis of Zorba fame and Manos Hadjidakis of Never on Sunday fame),  a rivalry which brought people into the streets..</p>
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		<title>A Crowded Heart</title>
		<link>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=37</link>
		<comments>http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=37#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 22:08:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/?p=37</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
A Crowded Heart (Picador/St. Martin&#8217;s, USA 1998)
Novel Through the unwavering gaze of a young boy named Alex, Nicholas Papandreou narrates the story of a family uprooted from their home in the United States to live in Greece in pursuit of a father’s political ambitions. The novel is set against a sensuously wrought Greek landscape as [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/1998-A-Crowded-Heart-Picador-St.-Martins-in-English-Novel-Nick-Papandreou.jpeg.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-38" title="1998 A Crowded Heart (Picador St. Martin's in English) Novel Nick Papandreou.jpeg" src="http://www.npapandreou.gr/en/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/1998-A-Crowded-Heart-Picador-St.-Martins-in-English-Novel-Nick-Papandreou.jpeg-198x300.jpg" alt="1998 A Crowded Heart (Picador St. Martin's in English) Novel Nick Papandreou.jpeg" width="198" height="300" /></a></p>
<p><strong>A Crowded Heart</strong> (<em>Picador/St. Martin&#8217;s, USA 1998</em>)</p>
<p>Novel Through the unwavering gaze of a young boy named Alex, Nicholas Papandreou narrates the story of a family uprooted from their home in the United States to live in Greece in pursuit of a father’s political ambitions. The novel is set against a sensuously wrought Greek landscape as Alex and his family move through the dangerous world of Byzantine politics and are swept up in an avalanche of revolution, military dictatorship and ultimately, exile.</p>
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